tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20245268368314546212024-03-17T20:00:19.228-07:00Roo's CluesThis is the story of how my son has recovered from an autism spectrum disorder and how I am managing and working to recover from a neuro-immune disease called Myalgic Encephalomyelitis. I discuss the ups and downs of our lives as well as much of the information that led to my son's recovery and my own progress- autism and M.E. are both manifestations of the same underlying disease processes.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger320125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-74900660404041232472024-03-04T00:46:00.000-08:002024-03-08T02:07:29.171-08:00Harm Caused by Prescription Medications<p>There are many drugs and categories of drugs that can cause harm. Here are some of the more common ones:</p><p><a href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-epipen-patient-deaths-fda-20170907-story.html#">EpiPen maker failed to investigate product flaws associated with patient deaths, FDA says</a><br />
"The FDA said Meridian Medical Technologies, a Pfizer company that
manufactures the auto-injectors used to treat life-threatening allergic
reactions, had detected faults in some units of the EpiPen and failed to
adequately respond. In addition, the company received "hundreds of
complaints" that the drug did not function properly -- "including some
situations in which patients subsequently died." <br /></p><p><a href="http://www.businessinsider.com/painkillers-kill-more-americans-than-heroin-and-cocaine-2012-9" target="_blank">Prescription Drugs Now Kill More People In The US Than Heroin And Cocaine Combined</a>
<br />
<a href="http://readersupportednews.org/opinion2/272-39/11399-when-half-a-million-americans-died-and-nobody-noticed" target="_blank">When Half a Million Americans Died and Nobody Noticed</a> (Vioxx) <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/nearly-1-in-3-drugs-have-safety-issues-even-after-fda-approval" target="_blank">Not Good: Nearly 1 in 3 Drugs Have Safety Issues Even After FDA Approval</a><br />
"New research has shown that, even after drugs are approved by the US
Food and Drug Administration (FDA), nearly one in three of them go on to
have safety issues. That's not necessarily as bad as it sounds - the
good news is that this shows the FDA is taking lifetime monitoring of
its approved drugs seriously. But perhaps more concerning is the fact
that so many drugs with safety issues are getting approved in the first
place." <br /></p><p><b>Fluoroquinolones</b> are a class of antibiotics, ciprofloxin is probably the most widely recognized. Other drugs in this category, sometimes called "floxies" have names ending in -floxin. In 2016 the FDA put out a warning saying that these drugs should be used as a last line of defense and generally avoided for common, non-serious infections because they cause serious side effects. These side effects can be disabling and permanent and include tendon rupture, central nervous system damage, and heart damage.<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-advises-restricting-fluoroquinolone-antibiotic-use-certain" target="_blank">FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA advises restricting fluoroquinolone antibiotic use for certain uncomplicated infections; warns about disabling side effects that can occur together</a><br /> "The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is advising that the serious
side effects associated with fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs
generally outweigh the benefits for patients with acute sinusitis, acute
bronchitis, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections who have other
treatment options. For patients with these conditions, fluoroquinolones
should be reserved for those who do not have alternative treatment
options.</p><p>An FDA safety review has shown that fluoroquinolones when
used systemically (i.e. tablets, capsules, and injectable) are
associated with disabling and potentially permanent serious side effects
that can occur together. These side effects can involve the tendons,
muscles, joints, nerves, and central nervous system."</p><p><a href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-updates-warnings-fluoroquinolone-antibiotics-risks-mental-health-and-low-blood-sugar-adverse" target="_blank">FDA updates warnings for fluoroquinolone antibiotics on risks of mental health and low blood sugar adverse reactions</a><br />"Across the fluoroquinolone antibiotic class, a range of mental health side effects are already described in the Warnings and Precautions section of the drug labeling, but differed by individual drug. The new class-wide labeling changes will require that the mental health side effects be listed separately from other central nervous system side effects and be consistent across the labeling of the fluoroquinolone class. The mental health side effects to be included in the labeling across all the fluoroquinolones are disturbances in attention, disorientation, agitation, nervousness, memory impairment and delirium."</p><p>"Additionally, the recent FDA review found instances of hypoglycemic coma
where users of fluoroquinolones experienced hypoglycemia. As a result,
the Blood Glucose Disturbances subsection of the labeling for all
systemic fluoroquinolones will now be required to explicitly reflect the
potential risk of coma with hypoglycemia."</p><p><b>Specific cases and stories </b><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJr8UnOnpq4" target="_blank">Paralyzed By A Prescription: Doctor 'Poisoned' By Common Antibiotic</a><br />A doctor who once prescribed these meds became paralyzed after taking them. He recovered after a stem cell transplant, and now raises awareness among other doctors about the risks they pose. He says the experience taught him about what patients go through.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2WU50Znq0w&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=14" target="_blank">‘I can’t walk today:’ 25 Investigates finds millions still prescribed risky antibiotic</a><br />In 2023 over 3,000 adverse reactions to fluoroquinolones were reported to the FDA. These drugs continue to be used with relative frequency despite the FDA's warning that the risks generally outweigh the benefits. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jAPtJjLpX7g&list=WL&index=36" target="_blank">Southland Firefighter Says Popular Antibiotic Poisoned His Body, His Life</a><br />The prescribing doctor told him that only elderly people or those with existing health problems get the side effects, and another doctor told him it was fine and to stay off the internet. Doctors are generally unaware of the dangers of this drug.<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8H1BpBJwvLU&list=TLPQMDQwMzIwMjSS35-zho9RZQ&index=2" target="_blank">Popular antibiotics linked to growing number of suicide deaths, patients unaware of side effects<br /></a>FDA reports tie over 200 suicides to cipro and levaquin. The FDA estimates that only between 1 and 10% of adverse drug reactions are reported.<br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-59372153646125015402023-10-17T04:14:00.000-07:002023-10-17T04:14:04.587-07:00Metabolic and Mental Health<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsZo_ktJqLs" target="_blank"> What are Metabolism and Metabolic Health, and How Do They Impact Mental Health?</a><br />"Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main things that metabolism does is convert the energy in food to energy that is available to power the cell and therefore the organism, the conversion of elements in food into the building blocks to make proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, and the elimination of metabolic waste. Another definition of metabolism is "all the physical and chemical processes in the body that convert or use energy". Metabolism is how we use our food to create energy. If we consume more calories then we need we need to store the excess energy. We store some as glycogen in the liver, but most is stored in our fat cells. It makes sense that our bodies would have evolved with uncertainty about when we would have food and how much we would have, so we would have needed to store up excess for times when we didn't have enough. </p><p>Metabolic dysfunction usually results from too much food intake or eating foods with a poor ratio of nutrients to calories. If we consistently eat more calories/energy than we need, our bodies first store the excess in our fat cells but they eventually get full, and then we store fat in our organs, called visceral fat (such as fatty liver). Visceral fat interferes with the function of the organ in question and leads to disease states such as type 2 diabetes. We need to have low levels of insulin in order to access and use the energy stored in fat. Insulin levels rise when we eat, especially if we eat sugars and simple carbs. When our insulin levels are high this signals our body to store energy because we have plenty for now. The state of having high insulin levels from frequent eating is called hyperinsulinemia. If the state of hyperinsulinemia persists our cells become less responsive to insulin, producing a state called insulin resistance. This means too much sugar stays in the blood and not enough is available for energy use.<br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-81941600794398285012023-10-17T02:40:00.003-07:002023-10-17T02:50:08.574-07:00Mitochondria and Mental Health<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oC-sQogfh3Q" target="_blank">Brain Energy, Mitochondria, and Mental Health</a><br />Dr Chris Palmer, MD, Harvard Psychiatrist<br /></p><p>A major change in psychiatry has been going on for awhile now in which more and more clinicians and researchers are recognizing mental health disorders as related to, and sometimes caused by, physical states in the body and therefore using therapies that are meant to address these states. A primary example of this is looking at brain metabolism (mitochondrial function in the brain).</p><p>The Keto diet is a 100 year old, evidence based therapy that can stop seizures that medication can't stop. This is evidence of how powerful nutrition and diet can be in treating and altering brain function. Psychiatrists use epilepsy medications to treat people with other mental mental health conditions often, usually off-label, so there's nothing new about using the ketogenic diet to treat other mental health conditions. Seizure meds are used to treat dementia, eating disorders, anxiety, psychosis, mood disorders, substance use disorders, and others. </p><p>The Brain Energy Theory- Mitochondria do more than just produce energy for cells "mitochondria play a role in directing and allocating resources for cells". Not all of the food that mitochondria in the brain process is turned into ATP- some is turned into serotonin, dopamine, or cortisol, and they also play a part in regulating those molecules. Mitochondrial function is one way of understanding the imbalances of the neurotransmitters and hormones in the brain. They are also involved in regulating inflammation (turning it both on and off) and epigenetics by signaling the nucleus of the cell to regulate the transcription of gene. They monitor our outer and inner environment; sensing stress levels, food intake, blood sugar levels, and oxygen levels. </p><p>"Mitochondria play a role in our response to trauma- psychological and social stressors." Trauma and stressors play a role in mental illness, so this connection could be very significant, because while people have known that there is a connection they haven't known exactly what that connection is on a biological level. He points out that mitochondria seem to be a way to "connect the dots" in the mental health puzzle between factors like trauma, neurotransmitters, sleep, substances like drugs and alcohol (I would add exercise and sunlight too). These are all things that affect mitochondrial and metabolic health or are affected by it or both. People with mental health conditions have higher rates of many physical disorders including diabetes, obesity, heart attacks, strokes, and generally have a shorter life expectancy. This connection also opens up the possibility of more and better treatments.<br /></p><p>For people who struggle to believe this connection is real, he explains that mitochondria are what drives metabolism, which is how we take food and oxygen and transform them to keep ourselves alive. If these processes are disturbed it means illness, and if they are disturbed enough or stop, we die. Most poisons work by harming mitochondria- that's how they harm or kill you. Other cellular components can be harmed without nearly as much danger to the organism. It makes sense that since mitochondria are the most important part of the cell and what keeps it able to perform its function, if they aren't functioning right the cell won't be able to function right. </p><p>Mitochondria can become both under-active AND overactive. This makes sense because there are mental health disorders involving areas of the brain becoming overactive as well as areas becoming under-active. If the health of mitochondria impacting the cell's functioning is the cause or major contributing factor to many mental health disorders that would explain why they can be better or worse at different times of day (or different seasons), why they can be worsened by stress and sleep deprivation. A lot of the details aren't known yet but already the basic insight that mitochondria are central to mental health is transformative of the fields of psychiatry and psychology.</p><p><b>What options are available to support mitochondrial functioning?</b></p><p>There are a huge variety of things available to help mito function including sun exposure, red light therapy, various supplements, glutathione, methylene blue, and more, but these can only help so much if core lifestyle issues aren't addressed. For example, alcohol is a potent mito toxin so a person drinking a large amount daily is poisoning their mitochondria far beyond what those things can help. Having healthy mitochondria requires lifestyle changes- eating well and avoiding highly processed foods, sleeping well, exercising, and avoiding excess stress. </p><p>The ketogenic diet and its effect on brain function has been studied for a long time, its known to change neurotransmitter levels, inflammation, the gut microbiome, but Dr Palmer says that he believes the impact it has on mitochondria is its most important therapeutic effect. The keto diet creates a state in the body similar to fasting, which is known to trigger mitophagy (when the cell breaks down old and defective mitochondria that are replaced by new, healthy ones) and mitogenesis (which is the production of new, healthy mitochondria). Dr Palmer suggests that these two processes that remove old, defective mitochondria and replace them with more and healthier ones, might lead to long-term healing where a person could potentially go off the keto diet and remain healthy. People who are on the diet to control seizures will usually be kept on the diet for 2 to 5 years after the point at which their seizures completely stop (some people with seizures must stay on keto for life). People can experience improvement of mental health symptoms, even very significant improvement or remission in weeks or months. Psychotic symptoms tend to take weeks if not months to improve especially if severe. People often wonder if making some changes in their diet, such as eating more fatty fish, will be enough. Dr Palmer says maybe for people with relatively mild symptoms or conditions, some changes such as eating more fatty fish can help, but he points out that those changes don't stop seizures but the keto diet does, he says "ketogenic therapy is a unique and powerful intervention".</p><p><b>What about other interventions to support mito health?</b></p><p>Exercise is a really important factor also and should be part of a treatment plan. The two types of exercise for which there is the most evidence of benefit for mito health are strength training (aka lifting weights, working out to build muscle) and level 2 cardio (which he defines as 3-60 minutes of running, cycling, etc that gets you breathing hard but not out of breath). Those types of exercise increase the number and health of mitochondria in muscles which then send endocrine signals to your brain that improve brain function. Exercise alone isn't enough to heal mito, lose weight, or heal type 2 diabetes. If people exercise more but don't change how they eat they don't get significant or sustained weight loss. There has been one very well-done study of middle-aged adults who were prescribed exercise. In addition, half were given the drug metformin to take and the other half were given a placebo. The group that got metformin didn't get the mito and metabolic benefits of exercise the way the other group did, which is evidence that metformin interferes somehow with mitochondrial biogenesis. Many other medications, including many psych meds, are known to interfere in mito function and biogenesis, so this should be considered. Lifestyle behaviors such as drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes and marijuana are also mito toxins. </p><p>The psych drugs that can do this are mostly the anti-psychotics, which have been known to have metabolic side-effects and neurological side effects. They can cause significant weight gain (he has seen people gain as much as 100 pounds in 6 months), they can cause type 2 diabetes, they worsen every known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (raise blood pressure, raise triglycerides, worsen LDL levels), and increase inflammatory biomarkers. </p><p>This represents a new way to understand mental illness and what might be happening in the brain, and a new way to treat it. This is especially important as mental health remains highly stigmatized in the US and research around it receives very little funding in comparison to disorders considered to be physical. Many mentally ill people are in prisons, shelters, or even on the street. "There is tremendous injustice, in my mind, in how we treat people with mental illness". Dr Palmer points out that while psychological and social factors play a role in mental illness, it's no less physical and "real" in that way. People with mental illness "deserve medically necessary treatment". If we can get needed care to people in prison or who are homeless and who have mental illness, they won't be in prison or homeless anymore, they can live enjoyable, productive lives. <br /></p><p><br /></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> <br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-74445289518785672152023-09-07T15:17:00.003-07:002023-09-07T15:17:57.282-07:00Some Antihistamines Found to Treat Cancer<p><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0284186X.2020.1769185?src=recsys" target="_blank">Desloratadine and loratadine stand out among common H1-antihistamines for association with improved breast cancer survival</a><br />"As tumors maintain an inflammatory microenvironment, anti-inflammatory
medication can be useful in cancer therapy. We have previously shown an
association with improved survival in melanoma for use of the H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines desloratadine and loratadine, and here we examine use of H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines and breast cancer mortality. We investigated use of the six major H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines
(cetirizine, clemastine, desloratadine, ebastine, fexofenadine and
loratadine) and breast cancer-specific and overall mortality in a
nation-wide register-based study of all 61,627 Swedish women diagnosed
with breast cancer 2006–2013. </p><p>We found a consistently improved survival of desloratadine users, as well as of loratadine users,
relative to nonusers, regardless of patient age, menopause, estrogen
receptor status or stage of the tumor, or whether breast cancer-specific
or overall survival was analyzed. The survival of users of other
antihistamines varied relative to non-users.</p><p>Based on their safety and current use within the patient population,
together with our observations, we suggest the initiation of trials of
desloratadine and loratadine as treatment of breast cancer as well as
studies of the mechanism behind their possible effect. Further studies
on any effects of other H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines may also be merited, as well as of H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamine use and survival in other malignancies."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29548821/" target="_blank">Histamine
receptor 1 inhibition enhances antitumor therapeutic responses through
extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in breast cancer</a><br /> <br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27333030/" target="_blank">Repurposing Cationic Amphiphilic Antihistamines for Cancer Treatment</a><br />"Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the deadliest cancers
worldwide. In search for new NSCLC treatment options, we screened a
cationic amphiphilic drug (CAD) library for cytotoxicity against NSCLC
cells and identified several CAD antihistamines as inducers of lysosomal
cell death. We then performed a cohort study on the effect of CAD
antihistamine use on mortality of patients diagnosed with non-localized
cancer in Denmark between 1995 and 2011. The use of the most commonly
prescribed CAD antihistamine, loratadine, was associated with
significantly reduced all-cause mortality among patients with
non-localized NSCLC or any non-localized cancer when compared with use
of non-CAD antihistamines and adjusted for potential confounders. Of the
less frequently described CAD antihistamines, astemizole showed a
similar significant association with reduced mortality as loratadine
among patients with any non-localized cancer, and ebastine use showed a
similar tendency."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35044851/" target="_blank">H1-Antihistamines
Reduce the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Hepatitis B
Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, or Dual Hepatitis B Virus-Hepatitis C Virus
Infection</a><br /> "AH use may reduce the risk for HCC among patients with HBV, HCV, or dual
infection in a dose-dependent manner. Further mechanistic research is
needed."</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-82816774324904444092023-08-27T00:46:00.000-07:002023-08-27T00:46:39.677-07:00Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and the Vagus Nerve<p>These are my notes from the article "<a href="https://www.caringmedical.com/prolotherapy-news/mast-cell-activation-syndrome/amp/?fbclid=IwAR3ummUFw8rkP6qievC_Wc_2F0F_QoD1OBi5bul9AMxr7mDxlCFf11Xjdzc" target="_blank">Mast cell activation syndrome and the vagus nerve</a>"<br />written by Ross Hauser, MD of Caring Medical on February 4, 2023 </p><p>Many patients diagnosed with MCAS (Mast Cell Activation Syndrome) also have neck pain that is diagnosed as (or can be described as) upper cervical instability or cervical spine instability. It is generally assumed that this pain is part of the existing illness, but in this article Dr Hauser explains that the causality could be going the other way. Many of these patients are also diagnosed with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), POTS, or some other form of Dysautonomia. When these patients see specialists to see if the neck pain and problems
could be causing some of their symptoms, some are then diagnosed with
"degenerative disc disease in their cervical spine and a loss of the
cervical curve contributing to kyphosis".Dr Hauser explains that:</p><p>"Which brings us to an important question, which came first? Autonomic nervous dysfunction or immune-mediated allergy? At a minimum, we know they are interconnected. A lot of antigen-antibody immune complexes and a host of histamine releases are going to excite the autonomic nervous system throughout and likewise, autonomic nervous system dysfunction makes antigen-antibody reactions more likely. The patient has the symptoms, is it the neck causing them? Is it the allergies?"</p><p>He explains that the way cervical instability could lead to symptoms of MCAS, etc, is because it may be causing the vagus nerve to be pinched or compressed in the neck or: "damaged cervical ligaments’ inability to hold the “wandering” vertebrae in place." The vagus nerve is how signals from the brain reach the viscera (the organs in your torso) in order to control them, so anything that impedes its function can have major consequences:</p><p>"When the vagal nerve sensory afferents are dysfunctional, the important body sensors for homeostasis are switched off. Cervicovagopthy or vagus nerve disorder brought on by cervical spine instability, has wide-ranging negative effects on mucosal barriers in the intestines and lungs, producing a large number of inflammatory mediators, including histamine."<br /></p><p>Dr Hauser explains that many patients who fit this profile- having MCAS along with many of the following additional diagnoses- EDS (Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome), Gastroparesis, Fibromyalgia, sleep disturbances, low blood pressure, serious gastrointestinal pain and dysfunction, "When someone has a myriad of symptoms like this, it is of course difficult to believe they all start spontaneously without a common thread linking them together. In a person like this, when all is a mystery, we follow the neurology, we look for short-circuiting messages between brain and body being caused by compression of the arteries, veins, and the nerves that travel through the cervical spine."</p><p>Dr Hauser notes that many of the different disorders and symptoms experienced by these patients Do have established connections and that these connections are further evidence of vagus nerve involvement. A key example of this is the interconnection between the immune system and the gut, mediated by the vagus nerve, in which modulating signals are sent both ways. Also, regulating signals and neurotransmitters in this system are part of the mechanism that the body uses to turn inflammation on and off. To explain this he quotes a may 2021 study in the journal Frontiers in Pharmacology:<br /><br />“Inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and severe central nervous system injury (of which the vagus nerve plays a dominant role) can lead to intestinal mucosal barrier damage, which can cause endotoxin/enterobacteria translocation (movement, or better thought of as escaping to other parts of the body) to induce infection and is closely related to the progression of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors and other diseases.”<br /></p><p>"The researchers add that repairing the intestinal barrier represents a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. Repair means addressing the dysfunction of enteral afferent nerves, efferent nerves, and the intrinsic enteric nervous system that play key roles in regulating intestinal physiological homeostasis and coping with acute stress. Furthermore, innervation actively regulates immunity and induces inherent and adaptive immune responses through complex processes, such as secreting neurotransmitters or hormones and regulating their corresponding receptors."</p><p>"Histamine is synthesized by mast cells, basophils, platelets,
histaminergic neurons, and enterochromaffin cells, where it is stored
intracellularly and released upon stimulation. It can be found basically
everywhere in the body, including the spinal cord and brain. Histamine
causes smooth muscle cell contraction, vasodilation, increased vascular
permeability and mucus secretion, tachycardia, alterations of blood
pressure, and arrhythmias, while it stimulates gastric secretion and
nociceptive nerve fibers. Histamine increases secretions such as
hydrochloric acid in the stomach and is vital to protecting the lungs
and gastrointestinal tract from infections. When histamine levels are
high, increased secretions in the lungs, therefore, cause coughing,
phlegm production, sneezing, and diarrhea occur in the digestive tract
in an attempt by the body to rid itself of an infectious agent or toxin."</p><p>When the transmission of nerve impulses along the vagus nerve from the brain are interrupted or stopped, this can limit the body's ability to regulate and maintain homeostasis (balance of systems), which can keep the body from appropriately limiting the inflammatory response. It also results in higher histamine content of mast cells, mast cells being more responsive to nerve signals to react, which ultimately means a higher level of histamine in the organs systems. </p><p>"The GI tract harbors the largest population of mast cells in the body and is thus the main reservoir of the body’s histamine. The mast cells’ job is to maintain intestinal permeability and make sure that no microorganisms or antigens enter the body. (A dysfunction of this system can lead to Leaky Gut Syndrome and inflammation of the intestines.) The neurological control over mast cells and their various digestive functions is via the vagal influences on the enteric nervous system. Elevated histamine levels in the body occur when there is an increase in intestinal permeability (regardless of the cause), including that from synthetic foods (industrial food additives, chemicals in food, genetically modified foods), Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and cervical spine instability induced cervicovagopathy."</p><p>The effects of histamine on gut function, and how this impacts other disease processes especially autoimmune, has been well-studied. Some common industrial food additives are known to trigger mast cells to make the gut more permeable (increase the amount of space between cells that line the gut and regulate what gets into the bloodstream and what doesn't), allowing larger proteins than usual into the bloodstream. Once there, these proteins can trigger allergic and other inflammatory responses and are especially associated with autoimmune disease. </p><p>"Histamine intolerance results from excessive histamine and a decreased ability to absorb or neutralize it. Elevated levels of histamine give symptoms that mimic allergic reactions, and these include diarrhea, headache, rhinoconjunctival symptoms, asthma, hypotension, arrhythmia, urticaria, pruritis, flushing, and skin lesions. A true allergy is tied to IgE-mediated histamine release, which is to be differentiated from histamine intolerance. The latter is associated with some forms of urticaria, eczema, asthma, food sensitivity, migraines, and chronic GI and neurological ailments, including inflammatory and irritable bowel syndromes."</p><p> </p><p>"The reservoir of histamine in the body originates in the gut and comes
from the breakdown of food that is ingested or the microbiota-generated
histamine. Histamine intolerance is akin to lactose intolerance in that
the body is missing a key enzyme to digest a food substance. In
histamine intolerance, it is DAO in the digestive tract, a deficiency of
which leads to elevated histamine levels in the body. DAO is
synthesized by the intestinal villi (enterocytes) and is constantly
released from the intestinal mucosa into the gut, as well as the blood
circulation, during eating and digestion."</p><p>Mast cell dysfunction is also being increasingly recognized as a major part of many neurological and psychiatric disorders, especially neurodegenerative disease. "What is being suggested is that the Mast cells are causing runaway neurological inflammation by excerpting a disruptive influence (bad messages) on the central nervous system and brain and this is leading to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease for example." </p><p>"vagal activity, partially driven by gastric mast cells, induces
long-lasting changes in corticotrophin-releasing factor signaling in the
amygdala that may be responsible for enhanced pain and enhanced
anxiety- and depression-like behaviors."</p><p>"What they found was vagus nerve stimulation resulted in a significant
reduction of the different inflammatory parameters assessed. They said
their results underscore the anti-inflammatory properties of the vagus
nerve and the potential of neuro-immune interactions in the intestine. In other words, if the vagus nerve is working correctly, anti-inflammatory and mast cell activation could be suppressed."</p><p>Further Information from Dr Hauser:<br /><a href="https://www.caringmedical.com/prolotherapy-news/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cervical-stenosis/" target="_blank">Can Chronic fatigue syndrome and Myalgic encephalomyelitis be caused by cervical stenosis and cervical spine instability? </a></p><p><a href="https://www.caringmedical.com/prolotherapy-news/postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots-cervical-instability-affects-heart/" target="_blank">Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), the Vagus Nerve and Cervical Spine instability </a><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.caringmedical.com/cervical-neck-pain/" target="_blank">Treatments for Neck Pain and Cervical Instability: A review of upper cervical instability and symptom treatment with Ross Hauser, MD</a></p><p><a href="https://www.caringmedical.com/caring-cervical-realignment-therapy/" target="_blank">Cervical Curve Correction – Caring Cervical Realignment Therapy</a></p><p>Research Articles Cited in this Article (not all):<br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36485101/ " target="_blank">How to evaluate the patient with a suspected mast cell disorder and how/when to manage symptoms</a><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32324159/" target="_blank"><br /><br />Diagnosis of mast cell activation syndrome: a global "consensus-2"</a></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35623575/" target="_blank">Global Classification of Mast Cell Activation Disorders: An ICD-10-CM-Adjusted Proposal of the ECNM-AIM Consortium </a><br /></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8841127/" target="_blank">Evaluation and Classification of Mast Cell Disorders: A Difficult to Manage Pathology in Clinical Practice</a></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8201607/" target="_blank">Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Is Regulated by Intestinal Tract Neuro-Immune Interplay</a><br /><br /> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3649343/" target="_blank">The Gut's Little Brain in Control of Intestinal Immunity</a><br /><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33591956/" target="_blank">Vagal gut-brain signaling mediates amygdaloid plasticity, affect, and pain in a functional dyspepsia model</a></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30897213/" target="_blank">Vagus nerve stimulation dampens intestinal inflammation in a murine model of experimental food allergy</a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-68449368962717963972023-08-23T19:31:00.008-07:002024-03-17T03:21:27.149-07:00Toxicity From Plastics and Endocrine Disruption<p><a href="https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2022/11/uterine-fibroid-growth-activated-by-chemicals-found-in-everyday-products/" target="_blank">Uterine fibroid growth activated by chemicals found in everyday products</a><br />"“These toxic pollutants are everywhere, including food packaging, hair
and makeup products, and more, and their usage is not banned,” said
corresponding study author Dr. Serdar Bulun,
chair of the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Northwestern
University Feinberg School of Medicine and a Northwestern Medicine
physician. “These are more than simply environmental pollutants. They
can cause specific harm to human tissues.”</p><p> "Up to 80% of all women may develop a fibroid tumor during their
lifetime, Bulun said. One-quarter of these women become symptomatic with
excessive and uncontrolled uterine bleeding, anemia, miscarriages,
infertility and large abdominal tumors necessitating technically
difficult surgeries."</p><p>"Prior epidemiological studies have consistently indicated an association
between phthalate exposure and uterine fibroid growth, but this study
explains the mechanisms behind that link. The scientists discovered
exposure to DEHP may activate a hormonal pathway that activates an
environmentally responsive receptor (AHR) to bind to DNA and cause
increased growth of fibroid tumors." </p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36901966/" target="_blank">Critical Overview on Endocrine Disruptors in Diabetes Mellitus</a><br />"Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in all countries due
to its high human and economic burden. Major metabolic alterations are
associated with the chronic hyperglycemia that characterizes diabetes
and causes devastating complications, including retinopathy, kidney
failure, coronary disease and increased cardiovascular mortality."</p><p></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37134142/" target="_blank">Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus</a><br /> "Here we review epidemiological, animal, and cellular studies linking
exposure to BPs and phthalates to altered glucose regulation, with
emphasis on the role of pancreatic β-cells. Epidemiological studies
indicate that exposure to BPs and phthalates is associated with diabetes
mellitus. Studies in animal models indicate that treatment with doses
within the range of human exposure decreases insulin sensitivity and
glucose tolerance, induces dyslipidemia, and modifies functional β-cell
mass and serum levels of insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. These studies
reveal that disruption of β-cell physiology by EDCs plays a key role in
impairing glucose homeostasis by altering the mechanisms used by
β-cells to adapt to metabolic stress such as chronic nutrient excess.
Studies at the cellular level demonstrate that BPs and phthalates modify
the same biochemical pathways involved in adaptation to chronic excess
fuel. These include changes in insulin biosynthesis and secretion,
electrical activity, expression of key genes, and mitochondrial
function. The data summarized here indicate that BPs and phthalates are
important risk factors for diabetes mellitus and support a global effort
to decrease plastic pollution and human exposure to EDCs."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34562484/" target="_blank">Phthalate exposure and risk of diabetes mellitus: Implications from a systematic review and meta-analysis</a><br />"Our
results showed that urinary concentrations of phthalates were
positively associated with risk of DM. In literature review, most
studies showed positive correlations of
phthalates, especially ∑DEHP, with homeostasis model assessment of
insulin resistance and fasting glucose."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34498187/" target="_blank">Association between phthalate exposure and insulin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis update</a><br />"The
majority of included studies revealed positive relationships of
insulin resistance with different phthalate metabolites exposure. The
results of sensitivity analyses stratified by age, sex, and site of
study remained stable, suggesting the robustness of these
meta-analyses."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30297147/" target="_blank">Urinary
phthalate metabolites and metabolic syndrome in U.S. adolescents:
Cross-sectional results from the National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (2003-2014) data</a><br />"Relationships between MiBP
concentrations and odds of MetS varied by
sex. Males with higher concentrations of MnBP and MiBP had greater odds
of having a higher number of MetS components. Relationships between
phthalate metabolites and MetS did not vary by economic adversity."
(MetS is metabolic syndrome, and MnBP and MiBP are types of phthalates)<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6277685/" target="_blank">Association of Early Life Exposure to Phthalates With Obesity and Cardiometabolic Traits in Childhood: Sex Specific Associations</a><br />"Prenatal phthalate exposure was not consistently associated with child
adiposity and cardiometabolic measures. Our findings suggest that early
life phthalate exposure may affect child growth and adiposity in a
sex-specific manner and depends on the timing of exposure."</p><p></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33966978/" target="_blank">Exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds such as phthalates and bisphenol A is associated with an increased risk for obesity</a><br />"Increasing evidence from epidemiological, animal and in vitro studies
suggests that the increased production of synthetic chemicals that
interfere with the proper functioning of the hormonal system, so-called
endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), might be involved in the
development and rapid spread of obesity, coined the obesity epidemic.
Recent findings have demonstrated that EDCs may interfere with hormonal
receptors that regulate adipogenesis and metabolic pathways.
Furthermore, prenatal exposure to EDCs has been shown to influence the
metabolism of the developing embryo through epigenetic mechanisms and to
promote obesity in subsequent generations."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35317436/" target="_blank">Diabetes mellitus: Plasticizers and nanomaterials acting as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Review)</a><br />"Various plasticizers and nanomaterials have been linked to endocrine
disruptors or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which represent a
large, heterogeneous, yet incompletely understood group of structures
acting on normal and pathological body pathways such as hormonal
production, secretion, transport and receptor binding."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32092855/" target="_blank">Bisphenol A and Phthalates in Diet: An Emerging Link with Pregnancy Complications</a><br />"Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates contaminate food and water and have
been largely studied as obesogenic agents. They might contribute to
weight gain, insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in
pregnancy, potentially playing a role in the development of pregnancy
complications, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and adverse
outcomes. Pregnancy and childhood are sensitive windows of
susceptibility, and, although with not univocal results, preclinical and
clinical studies have suggested that exposure to BPA and phthalates at
these stages of life might have an impact on the development of
metabolic diseases even many years later. The molecular mechanisms
underlying this association are largely unknown, but adipocyte and
pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are suspected to be involved. Remarkably,
transgenerational damage has been observed, which might be explained by
epigenetic changes."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36466761/" target="_blank">Bisphenol A is a carcinogen that induces lipid accumulation, peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑γ expression and liver disease</a><br />"Bisphenol (BP) A is an exogenous endocrine disruptor that mimics
hormones closely associated with health complications, e.g., obesity and
cancers."</p><p>"The present study revealed that BPA served as a carcinogen, enhanced
tumorigenesis susceptibility and may induce other types of liver
disease."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32092919/" target="_blank">Bisphenol S in Food Causes Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects Comparable to or Worse than Bisphenol A: A Literature Review </a><br /></p><p><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/01926230390202335?src=getftr" target="_blank">Pathogenesis of Male Reproductive Tract Lesions from Gestation ThroughAdulthood Following in Utero Exposure to Di(n-butyl) Phthalate</a><br /><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12832361/" target="_blank">Human 'testicular dysgenesis syndrome': a possible model using in-utero exposure of the rat to dibutyl phthalate</a><br />"<b class="sub-title"> </b>
Abnormal development of Sertoli cells, leading to abnormalities in
other cell types, is our hypothesized explanation for the abnormal
changes in DBP-exposed animals. As the testicular and other changes in
DBP-exposed rats have all been reported in human TDS, DBP exposure in
utero may provide a useful model for defining the cellular pathways in
TDS."<br /><br /><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00563.x" target="_blank">Disruption of reproductive development in male rat offspring following in utero exposure to phthalate esters</a><br />"Certain Phthalate esters have been shown to produce reproductive
toxicity in male rodents with an age dependent sensitivity in effects
with foetal animals being more sensitive than neonates which are in turn
more sensitive than pubertal and adult animals. While the testicular
effects of phthalates in rats have been known for more than 30 years,
recent attention has been focused on the ability of these agents to
produce effects on reproductive development in male offspring after in
utero exposure. These esters and in particular di-butyl,
di-(2-ethylhexyl) and butyl benzyl phthalates have been shown to produce
a syndrome of reproductive abnormalities characterized by malformations
of the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, external
genitalia (hypospadias), cryptorchidism and testicular injury together
with permanent changes (feminization) in the retention of
nipples/areolae (sexually dimorphic structures in rodents) and
demasculinization of the growth of the perineum resulting in a reduced
anogenital distance (AGD). Critical to the induction of these effects is
a marked reduction in foetal testicular testosterone production at the
critical window for the development of the reproductive tract normally
under androgen control. A second Leydig cell product, <i>insl3</i>, is
also significantly down regulated and is likely responsible for the
cryptorchidism commonly seen in these phthalate-treated animals. The
testosterone decrease is mediated by changes in gene expression of a
number of enzymes and transport proteins involved in normal testosterone
biosynthesis and transport in the foetal Leydig cell. Alterations in
the foetal seminiferous cords are also noted after in utero phthalate
treatment with the induction of multinucleate gonocytes that contribute
to lowered spermatocyte numbers in postnatal animals. The phthalate
syndrome of effects on reproductive development has parallels with the
reported human testicular dysgenesis syndrome, although no cause and
effect relationship exists after exposure of humans to phthalate esters.
However humans are exposed to and produce the critical phthalate
metabolites that have been detected in blood of the general population,
in children and also human amniotic fluid."</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-31883155567108150602023-07-14T02:52:00.005-07:002023-10-03T23:54:26.262-07:00Anaphylaxis<p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4038846/" target="_blank">International consensus on (ICON) anaphylaxis</a><br /></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35882481/" target="_blank">Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis: concise clinical guidance</a><br />"Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is
usually rapid in onset and may cause death. It is characterised by the
rapid development of airway and/or breathing and/or circulation
problems. Intramuscular adrenaline is the most important treatment,
although, even in healthcare settings, many patients do not receive this
intervention contrary to guidelines. The Resuscitation Council UK
published an updated guideline in 2021 with some significant changes in
recognition, management, observation and follow-up of patients with
anaphylaxis. This is a concise version of the updated guideline."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10931122/" target="_blank">Lessons for management of anaphylaxis from a study of fatal reactions</a><br />"The unpredictability of anaphylactic reactions and the need for
immediate, often improvised treatment will make controlled trials
impracticable; other means must therefore be used to determine optimal
management. This study aimed to investigate the circumstances leading to fatal anaphylaxis. <b class="sub-title"> </b>
Immediate recognition of anaphylaxis, early use of adrenaline,
inhaled beta agonists and other measures are crucial for successful
treatment. Nevertheless, a few reactions will be fatal whatever
treatment is given; optimal management of anaphylaxis is therefore
avoidance of the cause whenever this is possible. Predictable
cross-reactivity between the cause of the fatal reaction and that of
previous reactions had been overlooked. Adrenaline overdose caused at
least three deaths and must be avoided."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11298022/" target="_blank">Food-induced anaphylaxis</a><br /> "In the UK register of fatal anaphylactic reactions, all food-induced
fatalities have been accompanied by respiratory problems with
respiratory arrest. Atopic individuals with bronchial asthma and prior
allergic reactions to the same food are at a particularly high risk. Not
only peanuts, seafood and milk can induce severe, potentially lethal,
anaphylaxis, but indeed a wide spectrum of foods, according to the
different patterns of food sensitivity in different countries. Foods
with "hidden" allergens and meals at restaurants are particularly
dangerous for patients with food allergies. Similarly, schools, public
places and restaurants are the major places of risk. However, the main
factor contributing to a fatal outcome is the fact that the victims did
not carry their emergency kit with adrenaline (epinephrine) with them.
Therefore, we suggest that the pharmaceutical industry should
reintroduce an adrenaline inhaler that is more effective, especially in
asthmatic reactions."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36483514/" target="_blank">A guide for the management of post vaccination allergy and anaphylaxis in a pharmacy clinic</a><br /> "Vaccination falls within the scope of practice of a pharmacist and the
coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has seen an increase in pharmacies
providing vaccination services. These vaccines are not without risk of
allergic reactions and anaphylaxis. The available guidelines for the
management of anaphylaxis include the administration of intravenous (IV)
fluids. However, IV administration does not fall within the scope of
practice of a pharmacist. A gap was identified in the availability of
guidelines for the management of anaphylaxis without the use of IV fluid
administration."</p><p><b>Presentations of Anaphylaxis</b><br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9548739/?fbclid=IwAR1OPS_xNauTJv1907jN_ouP67U_cVsdnL15TwNuKcHJGW0sohr4WbK4REk#:~:text=DISCUSSION%3A%20The%20symptoms%20and%20syndromes,COVID%2D19%20(2)" target="_blank">NOT THE VACCINE, BUT ANAPHYLAXIS TO THE COVID-19 VIRUS ITSELF</a><br />A patient developed systemic allergic symptoms including fatigue, rash, rhinitis, and lip swelling after exposure to the COVID 19 virus (most likely omicron variant). She had a history of chronic idiopathic urticaria and dermatographism, so her mast cells may have already been disordered. Her symptoms lasted for 4 days, during which time she required a continuous IV benadryl infusion as well as remdesivir, Solu-Medrol, loratadine, and famotidine. Testing showed that she had an elevated level of IL10. <br /></p><p> <br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-43834600679998542952023-07-14T02:10:00.014-07:002023-07-20T10:11:22.817-07:00Anesthesia and Surgery with Mast Cell Disease<p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34823744/" target="_blank">Perioperative Anaphylaxis</a><br />"Perioperative anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening and
under-recognized event most commonly caused by antibiotics,
neuromuscular blocking agents, dyes, latex, and disinfectants. This
review provides updates in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of
perioperative anaphylaxis, discusses culprit agents, and highlights the
tenets of management including a comprehensive allergy evaluation."</p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3209676/" target="_blank">Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions during the perioperative period</a><br />"Anaphylactic reactions in the peri-operative period are often serious
and potentially life-threatening conditions, involving multiple organ
systems in which the clinical manifestations are the consequence of the
release of preformed mediators from mast cells and basophils.
Anaphylaxis is an immune mediated type I allergic reaction following the
massive release of mediators from mast cells and basophils as a
response to an allergen. Anaphylactoid reactions are defined as those
reactions that produce the same clinical picture with anaphylaxis but
are not IgE mediated, occur through a direct nonimmune-mediated release
of mediators from mast cells and/or basophils or result from direct
complement activation. The occurrence of these reactions during
anesthesia, although quite rare, remains a major concern for the
anesthesiologists."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32711838/" target="_blank">Multiple drug allergies: Recommendations for perioperative management</a><br /> "Life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions are more likely to occur in
patients with a history of allergy, atopy, or asthma. Hence, in a
patient who presented with a history of multiple drug allergies (MDA),
an allergological assessment should be performed prior to surgical
procedure. Drug allergies, being one of the causes of catastrophic
events occurring in the perioperative period, are of major concern to
anesthesiologists. Neuromuscular blocking agents are regularly used
during anesthesia and are one of the most common causes of perioperative
anaphylaxis. They are estimated to be responsible for 50%-70% of
perioperative hypersensitivity reactions. Antibiotics and latex
represent the next two groups of drug allergy. Allergic reactions to
propofol are rare with an incidence of 1:60,000 exposures. Although
intraoperative drug anaphylaxis is rare, it contributes to 4.3% of
deaths occurring during general anesthesia. These recommendations
discuss pathophysiology of MDA, preoperative evaluation, and anesthesia
considerations as well as the prevention and management of allergic
reactions in anesthetized patients with a history of MDA."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33742571/" target="_blank">Perioperative approach of allergic patients</a><br />"Severe, generalized allergic reactions called anaphylaxis are estimated
to have a mortality of 3.5-4.8%. Adequate recognition and handling of a
severe perioperative anaphylactic reaction result in better outcomes,
including less hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and death. The diagnosis
of a perioperative allergic reaction can be difficult as the list of
possible culprits of a perioperative allergic reaction is extensive.
Making an informed guess on the causative agent and avoiding this agent
in future anesthesia procedures is undesirable and unsafe. Therefore, to
ensure future patient safety, a thorough investigation following a
perioperative allergic reaction is mandatory. A collaborate approach by
allergists and anesthesiologists is advised. In this article, we discuss
the basic approach of the allergic patient and of patients with a
suspected allergy to perioperatively administered medication."<br /> <br /><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/00023210-200014020-00003" target="_blank">Anaphylaxis During General Anaesthesia</a><br />"The incidence of anaphylaxis has been estimated at between 1 in 10 000
and 1 in 20 000 anaesthesias in Australia and 1 in 13 000 anaesthesias
in France. In the most recent French epidemiological survey, the
compounds most frequently involved in anaphylaxis were muscle relaxants
(60%), followed by latex (16%)."<br /><br />"Activation of humoral and cellular pathways resulting from
immunoglobulin E-mediated adverse reactions usually produces
characteristic respiratory, cardiovascular and skin responses, but
effects can be seen in virtually any system. These responses may occur
as isolated clinical events. As a result, an anaphylactic reaction
restricted to a single clinical symptom (e.g. bronchospasm, tachycardia)
can easily be misdiagnosed. Intra- and postoperative investigations
must be performed to confirm the nature of the adverse reaction, the
role of the suspected drugs, and to define precise recommendations for
future anaesthesias. The patient must be fully informed, and given a
detailed written account of the anaphylactic episode, the results of the
allergological assessment performed and the resulting recommendations.
Furthermore, the patient should be strongly advise to wear a warning
bracelet or carry a warning card."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21865494/" target="_blank">Allergic reactions during anesthesia at a large United States referral center</a><br />"Thirty-eight patients were found to have an anaphylactic reaction during
anesthesia, of which 18 were immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated anaphylactic
reactions (likely causative agent identified by skin test), 6 were
non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions (elevated tryptase levels and
negative skin test), and 14 were probable non-IgE-mediated anaphylactic
reactions (tryptase levels normal or not obtained and negative skin
test). Of the IgE-mediated anaphylactic reactions, antibiotics were the
most prevalent likely causative agent (50%) whereas neuromuscular
blocking drugs were implicated as a likely causative agent in 11% of
reactions."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34651257/" target="_blank">Practical guidelines for the response to perioperative anaphylaxis</a><br /> "Muscle relaxants and antibiotics are the most common drugs that cause
perioperative anaphylaxis in Japan, as in many countries. In addition,
sugammadex appears to be a primary causative agent."</p><p>"Even if there are no skin symptoms, anaphylaxis should be suspected, especially when hypotension resistant to inotropes and vasopressors persists. For improving the diagnostic accuracy of anaphylaxis, it is helpful to collect blood samples to measure histamine/tryptase concentrations immediately after the events and at baseline. The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis is adrenaline. In the perioperative setting, adrenaline should be administered through the intravenous route, which has a faster effect onset and is secured in most cases. Adrenaline can cause serious complications including severe arrhythmias if the appropriate dose is not selected according to the severity of symptoms. The anesthesiologist should identify the causative agent after adverse events. The gold standard for identifying the causative agent is the skin test, but in vitro tests including specific IgE antibody measurements and basophil activation tests are also beneficial. The Working Group of the Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists has developed this practical guide to help appropriate prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, and postoperative diagnosis of anaphylaxis during anesthesia." <br /></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37260666/" target="_blank">Anaphylaxis spares no drug: A report of diclofenac-induced anaphylaxis mimicking post-laparoscopy respiratory complication</a><br /> "In the post-anesthesia care unit, the patient complained of respiratory
difficulty. Even after the supplemental oxygen and in absence of any
significant finding on respiratory examination, the patient soon
developed severe cardiorespiratory collapse. On evaluation,
administration of intravenous diclofenac a few minutes before the event
was suspected as the trigger for this anaphylactic response. The patient
responded to the injection of adrenaline, and her post-surgical
progress over the next two days was uneventful. The retrospective tests
done for confirming diclofenac hypersensitivity were found to be
positive. No drug, however safe, should be given blindly without proper
observation and monitoring. The course of development of anaphylaxis can
range from a few seconds to minutes and hence, the earliest recognition
and prompt action can be the only deciding factor between life and
death for such patients."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12703347/" target="_blank">Intradermal skin testing in the investigation of suspected anaphylactic reactions during anaesthesia--a retrospective survey</a><br /> "Sixty-five patients suffered a suspected anaphylactic reaction between
1976 and 2001. In 47 patients skin testing was performed and 43 of these
patients had positive skin tests: neuromuscular blockings drugs and
succinylcholine more specifically, were the most frequently incriminated
drugs. After the anaphylactic reaction 19 patients had surgery on 26
occasions with the use of a skin-test-negative neuromuscular blocking
drug; no problems occurred. Skin testing proved to be a reliable tool to
investigate suspected anaphylactic reactions during anaesthesia and to
guide the future use of neuromuscular blocking drugs."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22313451/" target="_blank">Timing of skin testing after a suspected anaphylactic reaction during anaesthesia</a><br /> "A delay of 4 to 6 weeks after a suspected anaphylactic reaction has
commonly been recommended before performing skin testing. However,
sometimes surgery cannot be delayed, and investigation must be done
earlier. Recent recommendations suggest that skin testing can be
performed immediately after a reaction."</p><p>"Review of the literature did not give a definite answer to the optimal
timing of skin testing after a suspected anaphylactic reaction during
anaesthesia."</p><p>"Only positive skin tests can be taken into account, and there is little
safety data to provide confidence in early skin testing. A protocol of
how to act if urgent surgery is necessary is suggested." </p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3082210/" target="_blank">Suspected Anaphylactic Reactions Associated with Anaesthesia</a></p><p><b>CONTRAST MEDIA</b></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28483312/" target="_blank">Current Knowledge and Management of Hypersensitivity to Perioperative Drugs and Radiocontrast Media</a><br /> "Several mechanisms are implicated, including IgE- and non-IgE-mediated
mechanisms. Perioperative anaphylaxis tends to be severe and has a
higher mortality rate than anaphylaxis in other settings. This is partly
due to factors that impair early recognition of anaphylaxis.
Neuromuscular blocking agents, latex containing products, and
antibiotics are the most common etiology. Chlorhexidine and dyes are
increasingly culprits. The newest emerging cause is sugammadex, which is
used for reversal of the effects of steroidal neuromusclar agents, such
as rocuronium. Latex-induced allergy is becoming less common than in
the 1980s due to primary and secondary prevention measures. Serum
tryptase levels during the time of anaphylaxis and skin testing to
suspected agents as an outpatient are necessary to confirm the
diagnosis. Management includes epinephrine and aggressive fluid therapy.
With radiocontrast media allergy, patients with a history of immediate
hypersensitivity reactions to radiocontrast media should receive steroid
and antihistamine premedication before re-exposure. Because
IgE-mediated anaphylaxis to radiocontrast media is rare, there is a
universal consensus that routinely skin testing all patients with a past
reaction is not effective."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33000060/" target="_blank">Rapid collapse of the inferior vena cava in a patient with cardiac arrest induced by anaphylactic shock after iodinated contrast medium injection </a><br />"Anaphylactic shock to contrast media can progress to cardiac arrest
despite appropriate treatment. During anaphylactic shock to contrast
media, rapid vasodilation and a massive fluid shift can occur. Here we
report a patient who developed cardiac arrest induced by anaphylactic
shock to iodinated contrast medium and exhibited rapid collapse of the
inferior vena cava (IVC) on enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT)
images. The patient underwent postsurgical unenhanced and
contrast-enhanced abdominal CT follow-up of cecum cancer. She had
neither allergy nor medical history except for the cancer. She did not
complain of any symptoms immediately after completion of the CT.
However, she developed anaphylactic shock and pulseless electrical
activity cardiac arrest only 2 minutes after finishing the CT despite
appropriate treatment. Emergency physicians successfully treated the
patient using advanced life support and targeted temperature management."</p><p>"The collapsed IVC is a good indicator of hypovolemia in patients with
trauma. In this case, we considered that rapid vasodilation and a
massive volume shift might have caused the collapsed IVC. This finding
suggests the importance of aggressive volume resuscitation as well as
epinephrine injection in patients with anaphylactic shock to contrast
media. Furthermore, this finding occurred before the onset of clinical
symptoms, and there is a possibility that it could be used as an
indicator of anaphylactic shock to contrast media.
"</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30108677/" target="_blank">A rapid caliber change in the inferior vena cava during multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography may signal an acute anaphylactic reaction to nonionic contrast medium</a><br />"Severe anaphylactic reactions to an intravenous nonionic iodine contrast
medium (NICM) are uncommon but can result in permanent morbidity or
death if not managed appropriately. An anaphylactic reaction to an NICM
typically manifests as clinical symptoms that include an itchy nose,
sneezing, and skin redness. To our knowledge, a rapid change in the
caliber of the inferior vena cava (IVC) during multiphasic
contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) has not been reported. Here,
we report the computed tomographic findings in three cases of
hypovolemic shock caused by an anaphylactic reaction to an NICM. We
suspect that a decrease in caliber of the IVC during multiphasic
contrast-enhanced CT may be a predictor of an allergic-like reaction to
an NICM. Patients in whom physicians and radiographers detect a rapid
caliber change in the IVC during multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT should
be managed carefully.
"<br /><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-21851888238758679332023-07-12T04:29:00.009-07:002023-07-13T21:33:24.483-07:00Drug Prices<p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/brand-name-drugs-increase-cost-but-not-patient-satisfaction" target="_blank">Brand-Name Drugs Increase Cost But Not Patient Satisfaction</a><br />“Generic medications are manufactured to be equivalent in all ways
(except appearances) to brand-name medications,” he said in an e-mail.
“Unfortunately, many patients and physicians are convinced to spend more
and use the brand-name medication by marketing initiatives, including
advertisements on the television or drug coupons that promise similar
out-of-pocket expenses for the higher-cost brand-name medications.”<br />"Goetz said he doesn’t know why generics sometimes have higher
satisfaction than brand-name drugs, but he offered one theory. “People
might have outsize expectations for what a heavily marketed drug is
going to do for them,” he said. “They may watch the commercials and
think that any given drug is going to be the answer to all their
problems. And the reality of medicine and the reality of pharmacology is
that every drug has some benefits for some people and some side effects
for some people, and that’s the whole balance.”<br />"Generics may have another advantage over newly launched drugs in the
same class. By definition, a generic has been on the market a long time,
so doctors know how it works, and any major problems or side effects
would have already surfaced. By comparison, the studies that help
brand-name drugs win approval may not have picked up safety problems or
side effects that, while uncommon, can represent an issue once a
medicine is taken widely."<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.goodrx.com/health" target="_blank">Iodine (GoodRx)</a> </p><p><a href="https://projects.propublica.org/checkup/" target="_blank">Prescriber Checkup</a> (Medicare’s popular prescription-drug program serves more than 42 million people and pays for more than one of every four prescriptions written nationwide. Use this tool to find and compare doctors and other providers in Part D)<br /><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/prescriber-checkup-faq" target="_blank">FAQ: What You Need to Know About Prescriber Checkup</a></p><p class="default__StyledText-sc-1wxyvyl-0 fxgoSg body-paragraph"><a href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/breaking/ct-medicare-fraud-kickbacks-sentencing-met-20160311-story.html" target="_blank">Doctor given prison for taking kickbacks to prescribe risky drug <br /></a>"A
Chicago doctor who was once the nation's most prolific prescriber of the
risky antipsychotic drug clozapine was sentenced to nine months in
prison Friday for taking cash, vacation trips and other kickbacks from
the drug's manufacturers. Dr. Michael Reinstein, the subject of a 2009 Tribune-ProPublica joint investigation,
admitted to pocketing nearly $600,000 in benefits over the years for
prescribing various forms of clozapine, known as a risky drug of last
resort, to hundreds of mentally ill patients in his care."<br />"When he pleaded guilty last year, Reinstein also settled a massive civil
lawsuit brought by the U.S. attorney's office alleging that he
submitted more than 140,000 false Medicare and Medicaid claims as part
of the kickback scheme. He was ordered to pay more than $3.7 million in
penalties to the U.S. government and the state of Illinois."</p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/risky-overused-medications-prescribed-far-less-often-in-the-aloha-state" target="_blank">Risky, Overused Medications Prescribed Far Less Often in the Aloha State</a><br />"Medicare patients in Hawaii take fewer opioid painkillers and fewer
antibiotics, on average, than those in any other state. Physicians and
health policy experts cite demographics and healthier lifestyles as
possible reasons why."</p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/medicare-wastes-billions-on-name-brand-drugs" target="_blank">Medicare’s Failure to Track Doctors Wastes Billions on Name-Brand Drugs<br /></a><br /></p><p><a href="https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-02-09-00603.pdf" target="_blank">PRESCRIBERS WITH QUESTIONABLE PATTERNS IN MEDICARE PART D</a><br />This is a study cited in the article above<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/part-d-prescriber-checkup-mainbar" target="_blank">Medicare Drug Program Fails to Monitor Prescribers, Putting Seniors and Disabled at Risk</a><br />"some doctors and other health professionals across the country prescribe
large quantities of drugs that are potentially harmful, disorienting or
addictive. Federal officials have done little to detect or deter these
hazardous prescribing patterns."<br />"Doctors barred by state Medicaid programs for questionable prescribing
remain able to dole out the same drugs under Medicare. So can dozens of
practitioners who have been criminally charged or convicted for problem
prescribing, or who have been disciplined by state medical boards."<br />"In lawsuits and disciplinary records, state and federal authorities
cite a number of reasons that doctors prescribe improperly. Some run
mills where patients get prescriptions if they pay cash for a visit.
Others have relationships with drug companies that influence what they
prescribe. Regulators say some doctors choose inappropriate medications
under pressure from families or facilities. Research also shows that doctors often don't keep up with the latest studies and drug warnings."</p><p> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-17930646001860996322023-07-02T23:15:00.001-07:002023-07-20T01:30:30.918-07:00The Global Impact of Pharmaceutical Profiteering and Corruption<p>The Meriam-Webster dictionary defines profiteering as "<span class="dt"><span class="dtText"><b class="mw_t_bc"></b>the act or activity of making an unreasonable <span>profit</span> on the sale of essential goods especially during times of emergency". Profiteering by pharmaceutical companies has been an increasing problem worldwide for decades. The fact that medical care is so often needed during times of crisis and emergency makes profiteering easy and commonplace. This is also facilitated by changing power dynamics globally, providing more opportunities for pharmaceutical companies to exploit. </span></span></p><p><span class="dt"><span class="dtText">Johnson and Johnson are trying to extend their patent for anti-tuberculosis medications that are needed to save millions of lives, but instead of letting the patent expire so that the drug can be made affordably enough to be available to the rest of the world, they are trying to falsely extend the patent to bolster their own profits. Learn more about it <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMhgw5SW0h4&list=WL&index=66" target="_blank">here</a>. <br /></span></span></p><p><a href="https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/french-company-bungled-clinical-trial-led-death-and-illness-report-says" target="_blank">French company bungled clinical trial that led to a death and illness, report says</a>
"Why one man died and four others fell ill during a drug safety study in
France last month is still very unclear. But a preliminary inspection
report lashes out at Biotrial, the company that conducted the study, for
how it responded after the first volunteer in the clinical trial was
hospitalized. Three major errors by Biotrial put other volunteers at
risk, says the report, published yesterday by France's General
Inspectorate of Social Affairs (IGAS). Responding to the report,
Touraine said that from now on any hospitalization during a clinical
trial should be regarded as "new fact" that needs to be brought to the
attention of health authorities immediately. Such events should "lead to
an immediate suspension of the trial until the safety of volunteers is
guaranteed," she said. "Volunteers must be clearly informed about the
suspension of the study and its reasons."<span class="dt"><span class="dtText"> <br /></span></span></p><p><span class="dt"><span class="dtText"></span></span><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/views/2021/06/03/bill-gates-almost-single-handedly-derailed-plan-could-have-led-peoples-vaccine" target="_blank">Bill Gates Almost Single-Handedly Derailed the Plan That Could Have Led to a 'People's Vaccine'<br /></a>"But the inspiring plan devised by the scientists—which promised to
create a vaccine essentially belonging to the world's people, not to
corporate shareholders—was crushed fairly decisively when Bill Gates
ventured into the fray."</p><div> "Among other things, the vaccine tragedy
highlights the danger posed by the extreme concentration of wealth and
power that Bill Gates represents. It
turns out that his mega-philanthropy comes with a hitch: it enables
Gates to develop extraordinary influence over crucial matters, such as
whether or not the world's poor will have a chance to survive the
pandemic." </div><div> <br /></div><a href="https://newrepublic.com/article/162000/bill-gates-impeded-global-access-covid-vaccines" target="_blank">How
Bill Gates Impeded Global Access to Covid Vaccines: Through his
hallowed foundation, the world’s de facto public health czar has been a
stalwart defender of monopoly medicine.</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-61397892046730479922023-07-02T08:47:00.011-07:002024-03-11T23:01:50.865-07:00The Corrupting Influence of Money in Medicine<p>The influence of money has wormed its way into all aspects of the American medical system- research, practice, access, the guidelines and advice patients are given about their health, and even how diagnostic criteria are determined. This money represents the domination of a few pharmaceutical companies that have twisted and tweaked the entire system to serve their profit motive. The effects of what is called regulatory and institutional capture by economists has had a devastating effect on the health of Americans. It has also led to an unprecedented amount of wealth consolidation at record speed.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kqxu88O9Jyw&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSBfkt3Z8e11QGC7_nWp2Otv&index=38" target="_blank">Industry's Influence in Medicine: Duped, Doped and Dying in America</a><br />
Gwen Olsen, a former pharmaceutical drug rep, tells about her
experiences seeing pharma companies from the inside. She says that the
system is predatory and was intentionally set up to control us by doping
us up and dumbing us down for profit. </p><p><a href="https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2018/4/13/1756856/-It-finally-happened-Goldman-Sachs-asks-Is-curing-patients-a-sustainable-business-model?detail=emaildkre" target="_blank">It finally happened: Goldman Sachs asks 'Is curing patients a sustainable business model?</a></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sKLCK8pR0TM&list=WL&index=9" target="_blank">Mother’s death sparks concern about hospital investment</a><br />Private equity firms have bought hospitals and extract all the wealth they can from them, leaving them unable to properly care for patients, which can be deadly.<br /></p><div><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYCAu6kSNKs" target="_blank">The healthcare system is a giant SCAM (that you pay for) </a><br /></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div>The
average yearly cost of health insurance in the US is $7 K. The US
spends more on healthcare than any other country, but the quality of
care is the lowest among all wealthy nations. Patients are over0charged
by billions of dollars every year. "A handful of companies have turned
healthcare into a trillion dollar scam". Profits are valued over human
lives. In Canada, one vial of insulin costs $30 but here in America
the same vial costs $300, and the price for one specific AIDS drug in
the US is $2 K while it costs only $8 in Australia. From the New York
Times-"Among those who reported problems paying their bills despite
having insurance, 63% said they used up all or most of their savings;
42% took on an extra job or more work hours; 14% moved or took in
roommates; and 11% turned to charity." A study found that 66.5% of all
bankruptcies were tied to medical issues, which is about 500 K families
going into bankruptcy each year. The US is the only developed country
that doesn't have universal health care. Many poorer countries,
including Pakistan, Iran, and Rwanda, provide free medical care to their
people. </div><div> </div><div>Insurance companies have tried to say
that they offer a valuable service because they negotiate prices down so
much, but it turns out that they start with a very inflated price, so
they aren't really saving you money. Hospitals and other providers
won't negotiate their prices down so much with individuals because they
say they don't have representation. Another way of saying this is that
hospitals penalize people without insurance by adding a charge of
several hundred percent on your medical bill. You could say that
hospitals and insurance companies collude in a mafia-like scheme, where
hospitals enforce penalties if you don't pay insurance companies for
protection. The rate of c-sections in America is more than double the
world average and this is largely due to c-sections being much more
lucrative. There are even hospitals that charge you if you want to hold
your baby after birth as "skin to skin contact". </div><div><br /></div><div>Blackstone
is one of the largest investing firms on earth, and owns the biggest
medical staffing company in America, called TeamHealth. It came out in a
deposition that TeamHealth's prices were "higher than those of 95% of
other providers and 8 or 9 times more than what medicare would pay", and
that "the actual costs of medical services are not a factor in setting
TeamHealth's prices". So if you've ever wondered where all the money
you pay for medical care goes, it goes to investors. Almost every
publicly traded hospital, medical, and pharma company is at least
partially owned by either BlackRock or Vanguard. These two companies
have almost total control over the American health care system and use
their influence to bring in huge returns while more and more Americans
can't afford healthcare at all.</div><div><br /></div>Pharmaceutical
companies pay the most to lobby congress by far, which is twice as much
as the next highest spender. Life expectancy is dropping faster in
America than anywhere else, and the maternal mortality rate is
increasing. Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the
country, 10% of all deaths each year.<p><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/08/22/upshot/hospital-prices.html" target="_blank">The prices hospitals don't want you to see </a>(NYT) </p><p><b>How Profiteering and Corruption Harm Patients</b><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzaCZs_qtI4&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=51" target="_blank">A Place to Die’: For-Profit Health Care Crisis EXPOSED </a></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euYnvrivoDc&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSBiJLnWXduozunSct2j5AjU&index=15" target="_blank">Latest huge Big Pharma fraud settlement + shocking history of injury and death cover-ups </a></p><p><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/29/us/drug-shortages-forcing-hard-decisions-on-rationing-treatments.html?smprod=nytcore-iphone&smid=nytcore-iphone-share&_r=0">Drug Shortages Forcing Hard Decisions on Rationing Treatments</a><br />
"In recent years, shortages of all sorts of drugs — anesthetics,
painkillers,antibiotics, cancer treatments — have become the new normal
in American medicine. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
currently lists inadequate supplies of more than 150 drugs and
therapeutics, for reasons ranging from manufacturing problems to federal
safety crackdowns to drug makers abandoning low-profit products. But
while such shortages have periodically drawn attention, the <br />
rationing that results from them has been largely hidden from patients and the public."</p><p><a href="https://www.consumeraffairs.com/news04/2005/bankruptcy_study.html" target="_blank">Medical Bills Leading Cause of Bankruptcy, Harvard Study Finds</a><br />
"Illness and medical bills caused half of the 1,458,000 personal
bankruptcies in 2001, according to a study published by the journal
Health Affairs. The study estimates that medical bankruptcies affect
about 2 million Americans annually -- counting debtors and their
dependents, including about 700,000 children. Surprisingly, most of
those bankrupted by illness had health insurance. More than
three-quarters were insured at the start of the bankrupting illness.
However, 38 percent had lost coverage at least temporarily by the time
they filed for bankruptcy." <br /></p><p><b>The High Cost of Drugs and Treatment and Paying Doctors to Prescribe Drugs<br /></b><a href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oxYU5GNngnk" target="_blank">Transparency in medicine</a> Dr Wen </p><p><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">Leana Wen: What your doctor won’t disclose</a><br />TED
talk by a doctor about issues of trust in the doctor-patient
relationship, doctors resisting transparency about themselves and how
they practice (including disclosing payments and perks from
pharmaceutical companies). </p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/dollars-to-doctors-physician-disciplinary-records" target="_blank">Docs on Pharma Payroll Have Blemished Records, Limited Credentials</a><br />"The implications are great for patients, who in the past have been
exposed to such heavily marketed drugs as the painkiller Bextra and the
diabetes drug Avandia — billion-dollar blockbusters until dangerous side
effects emerged."<br />"A review of physician licensing records in the 15 most-populous states
and three others found sanctions against more than 250 speakers,
including some of the highest paid. Their misconduct included
inappropriately prescribing drugs, providing poor care or having sex
with patients. Some of the doctors had even lost their licenses. More than 40 have received FDA warnings for research misconduct, lost
hospital privileges or been convicted of crimes. And at least 20 more
have had two or more malpractice judgments or settlements. This
accounting is by no means complete; many state regulators don’t post
these actions on their web sites. Forty five who earned in excess of $100,000 did not have board
certification in any specialty, suggesting they had not completed
advanced training and passed a comprehensive exam. Some of those doctors
and others also lacked published research, academic appointments or
leadership roles in professional societies."</p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/lawsuits-say-pharma-illegally-paid-doctors-to-push-their-drugs" target="_blank">Lawsuits Say Pharma Illegally Paid Doctors to Push Their Drugs</a><br /> "Pharma companies are being accused in lawsuits of paying doctors to push
off-label uses of their drugs or financially rewarding doctors for
prescribing their brand-name medications. In the past three years alone, pharmaceutical companies have anteed up <ins>nearly </ins>$7 billion for settlements in cases such as one filed by Angela Maher, a former drug sales rep for Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical." </p>
<p></p><p><a href="https://www.healio.com/cardiology/news/print/cardiology-today/%7Bce9b42c9-7027-40c8-8484-f5f6435c51e9%7D/despite-improved-transparency-conflicts-of-interest-remain-issue-in-medicine?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Healio__TrendMD_1" target="_blank">Despite improved transparency, conflicts of interest remain issue in medicine</a><br />
“These conflicts undermine the reliability and credibility of the
guidelines,” Nissen told Cardiology Today. “I don’t think that
disclosure is the antidote here. The antidote is for physicians who are
involved in public policy discussions not to accept money for promoting
drugs.” <br /></p><p>60 Minutes Episode <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1jLVP156_E&list=WL&index=51" target="_blank">Pharma execs used strip clubs, broke FDA laws to boost opioid sales</a></p><p><a href="https://www.healio.com/pediatrics/practice-management/news/online/%7B059ce745-ddfb-4322-ad2e-8341fc1dc092%7D/forty-three-percent-of-pediatricians-receive-industry-payments?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Healio__TrendMD_1" target="_blank">Forty-three percent of pediatricians receive industry payments</a>
"A significant proportion of pediatricians received payments from
industry sources, such as pharmaceutical and device manufacturers, with
the greatest amount of payments associated with <a href="http://www.healio.com/psychiatry/add-adhd/news/online/%7Be5b43326-118b-474c-a17a-1383e3b2f403%7D/cdc-adhd-treatment-rates-for-young-children-do-not-reflect-aap-recommended-guidelines">attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatments</a> and vaccines, according to recent research in Pediatrics." </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CdydQNfAXE&list=WL&index=5" target="_blank">Insulin should be cheap. Here’s why it's not</a></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxc3Tv3tV7M" target="_blank">High Insulin Prices Drive Diabetics to Take Extreme Measures</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bouYRMItWnI&list=WL&index=50&t=78s" target="_blank">Diabetics Are Hacking Their Own Insulin Pumps</a> <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/09/21/watch-live-lawmakers-to-grill-executive-who-hiked-the-price-of-lifesaving-drug-epipen/?utm_term=.c7fd6b5f42cc">Lawmakers grill Mylan CEO over EpiPen price hikes</a><br />
"Jason Chaffetz (R-Utah), chairman of the House Committee on Oversight
and Government Reform, held up an EpiPen to punctuate his point that
epinephrine — “the juice” inside Mylan’s device — costs about $1 a dose.
The list price of a two-pack of the pens is $608, up about 500 percent
in a decade." <br /><br />"You virtually have a monopoly, and you've used it
to your advantage - but unfortunately, it's at the expense of people
who need it," said Rep. Gerald E. Connolly (D-Va.). "I'm wondering what
your sense of social responsibility is to those people." <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2018/08/16/fda-approves-first-generic-version-of-epipen/?utm_term=.2564b04fa333&wpisrc=nl_az_most&wpmk=1" target="_blank">FDA approves first generic version of EpiPen</a>
The article discusses how the new generic version will help ease the
chronic shortage of EpiPens that worsens near the end of the summer as
kids need new prescriptions for school and other activities. It also
talks about how Mylan, the brand name version, actively fought the
approval of the new generic<br />
version out of self interest. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlfwzZJgkC4" target="_blank">Heather Bresch, the CEO of Mylan, testifies in front of congress about price gauging the epi pen</a> </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrUdDv8eqOk" target="_blank">Damning NEW Email Puts Joe Manchin’s Daughter At Center Of EpiPen Price-Fixing Scheme</a></p><p><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/drug-executives-to-testify-before-congress-about-their-role-in-us-opioid-crisis/2018/04/12/89e7ccf2-3db6-11e8-974f-aacd97698cef_story.html?utm_term=.308f287be5ff" target="_blank">Drug executives to testify before Congress about their role in U.S. opioid crisis</a>
"Current and former executives with the pharmaceutical distributors that
are accused of flooding communities with powerful prescription
painkillers have been summoned to testify before Congress about their
role in the U.S. opioid epidemic."<br /><br />"Since 2000, the epidemic has
killed 200,000 people — more than three times the number of U.S.
military deaths in the Vietnam War."</p><p><a href="http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2011/03/a_giant_pain_in_the_wallet.html" target="_blank">A Giant Pain in the Wallet</a><br />
How an effort by the FDA to evaluate drugs that have been on the market
since before testing was required has allowed pharmaceutical companies
to price-gauge patients. <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1580449">Pharmaceutical advertisements in leading medical journals: experts' assessments.</a><br />
"In the opinion of the reviewers, many advertisements contained
deficiencies in areas in which the FDA has established explicit
standards of quality. New strategies are needed to ensure that
advertisements comply with standards intended to promote proper use of
the products and to protect the consumer."<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12517463">Accuracy of pharmaceutical advertisements in medical journals.</a><br />
"Doctors should be cautious in assessment of advertisements that claim a
drug has greater efficacy, safety, or convenience, even though these
claims are accompanied by bibliographical references to
randomized clinical trials published in reputable medical journals and
seem to be evidence-based."</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjeZ8r7yWOk&list=WL&index=18" target="_blank">What if all US health care costs were transparent? | Jeanne Pinder</a><br />
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVTnwSAFNsQ&index=10&list=WL" target="_blank">How drug companies make you buy more medicine than you need</a><br />
This video talks about how pharmaceutical drugs are packaged and sold in
ways that deliberately lead to waste, which creates costs that are then
borne by the consumer. For some drugs such as chemotherapy drugs these
costs can be very high. This issue is not something that the FDA
regulates.
<a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/drug-companies-make-eyedrops-too-big-and-you-pay-for-the-waste" target="_blank">This article by ProPublica</a> goes into more detail about this topic.</p><p><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2674655">Frequency and Magnitude of Co-payments Exceeding Prescription Drug Costs</a><br />
"A co-payment suggests sharing the total cost between patients and
payers. However, drug co-payments sometimes exceed costs, with the
insurer or pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) keeping the difference.
Furthermore, some pharmacists are contractually prevented from alerting
patients when their co-payment exceeds the drug’s cash price. Although
some have argued that the practice is uncommon, a 2016 survey of
independent pharmacists indicates otherwise."</p><p><a href="http://www.vox.com/2016/5/13/11606760/emergency-facility-fees-american-health-care" target="_blank">The case of the $629 Band-Aid — and what it reveals about American health care</a><br />
We have all experienced the bizarrely high prices charged for many
medical services and devices, and I think we can all relate to the
parent who wrote this article about the absurdity of medical pricing. <br /></p><p></p><p><b>Pharma Influence over Practice and Patient Care</b><br /><a href="https://www.blogger.com/#">Leana Wen: What your doctor won’t disclose</a><br />TED
talk by a doctor about issues of trust in the doctor-patient
relationship, doctors resisting transparency about themselves and how
they practice (including disclosing payments and perks from
pharmaceutical companies).</p><p><a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/363/bmj.k4543?int_source=trendmd&int_medium=trendmd&int_campaign=trendmd" target="_blank">Conflicts of interest pervade US treatment guidelines, reports say<br /></a>"Financial conflicts of interest are widespread among the authors of US
clinical practice guidelines, according to two research letters and an
editor’s note that were published in JAMA Internal Medicine. Such
conflicts are “an intractable problem in the United States,” write
Robert Steinbrook, editor at large of JAMA Internal Medicine, and
Colette DeJong of the University of San Francisco."</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euYnvrivoDc&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSBiJLnWXduozunSct2j5AjU&index=15" target="_blank">US Physician Societies are completely Corrupted</a> <br /></p><p><a href="https://projects.propublica.org/docdollars/" target="_blank">Dollars for Docs- How Industry Dollars Reached Your Doctors</a> <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/we-found-over-700-doctors-who-were-paid-more-than-a-million-dollars-by-drug-and-medical-device-companies" target="_blank">We Found Over 700 Doctors Who Were Paid More Than a Million Dollars by Drug and Medical Device Companies<br /></a>"Each year from 2014 to 2018, drug and medical device companies spent
between $2.1 billion and $2.2 billion paying doctors for speaking and
consulting, as well as on meals, travel and gifts for them."</p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/dollars-to-doctors-physician-disciplinary-records" target="_blank">Docs on Pharma Payroll Have Blemished Records, Limited Credentials</a></p><p><a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/doctors-who-take-company-cash-tend-to-prescribe-more-brand-name-drugs" target="_blank">Now There’s Proof: Docs Who Get Company Cash Tend to Prescribe More Brand-Name Meds</a> <br />"A ProPublica analysis has found for the first time that doctors who
receive payments from the medical industry do indeed tend to prescribe
drugs differently than their colleagues who don’t. And the more money
they receive, on average, the more brand-name medications they
prescribe."<br />"doctors who received industry payments were two to three times as likely
to prescribe brand-name drugs at exceptionally high rates as others in
their specialty."<br />"nearly nine in 10 cardiologists who wrote at least 1,000 prescriptions
for Medicare patients received payments from a drug or device company in
2014, while seven in 10 internists and family practitioners did."</p><p><a href="https://static.propublica.org/projects/d4d/20160317-matching-industry-payments.pdf?22" target="_blank">Matching Industry Payments to Medicare Prescribing Patterns: An Analysis </a><br />(this is mentioned in the above article)<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/22295461/nursing-home-deaths-private-equity-firms" target="_blank">Private equity ownership is killing people at nursing homes</a><br />"The researchers studied patients who stayed at a skilled
nursing facility after an acute episode at a hospital, looking at deaths
that fell within the 90-day period after they left the nursing home.
They found that going to a private equity-owned nursing home increased
mortality for patients by 10 percent against the overall average. Or to put it another way: “This estimate implies about
20,150 Medicare lives lost due to [private equity] ownership of nursing
homes during our sample period” of 12 years, the authors — Atul Gupta,
Sabrina Howell, Constantine Yannelis, and Abhinav Gupta — wrote. That’s
more than 1,000 deaths every year, on average."<br />This is the working paper behind this article:<br /><a href="https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w28474/w28474.pdf" target="_blank"><span dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 20px; left: 155.582px; top: 288.333px; transform: scaleX(1.01486);">DOES PRIVATE EQUITY INVESTMENT IN HEALTHCARE BENEFIT PATIENTS? </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 20px; left: 347.203px; top: 311.667px; transform: scaleX(0.999592);">EVIDENCE FROM NURSING HOMES</span></a></p><p><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/2666770?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=JAMA_Otolaryngol_Head_Neck_Surg_TrendMD_1" target="_blank">Payments, Conflict of Interest, and Trustworthy Otolaryngology Clinical Practice Guidelines</a><br />
"Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are the cornerstone of the
evidence-based practice of otolaryngology–head and neck surgery. The
American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) CPGs
are widely distributed, as judged by frequency of downloads, webpage
views, and CPG-related sessions at national meetings. Clinical practice
guidelines are developed to reduce variation in care and to improve
quality. They create debate and even controversy, with concerns
expressed about restraints on clinician decision making as well as the
medicolegal implications of recommendations. Clinical practice
guidelines must be trustworthy, and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and
the Guideline International Network have provided standards for CPGs.<a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/fullarticle/2666770?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=JAMA_Otolaryngol_Head_Neck_Surg_TrendMD_1#oic170013r1">1</a>
A major threat to the creation of trustworthy guidelines is conflict of
interest (COI) among the organizations and the committee members who
create CPGs.<span dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="font-family: serif; font-size: 20px; left: 347.203px; top: 311.667px; transform: scaleX(0.999592);"> <br /></span></p><p><b>Influence Over Regulation and Policy</b><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYEoQallwYA&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=165" target="_blank">Why HEALTHCARE works the way it does: Look at these SHOCKING lobbying numbers</a></p><p><a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/10/third-member-of-prestigious-fda-panel-resigns-over-approval-of-biogens-alzheimers-drug.html" target="_blank">Third member of prestigious FDA panel resigns over approval of Biogen’s Alzheimer’s drug<br /></a>"A third member of a key Food and Drug Administration advisory panel has
resigned over the agency’s controversial decision to approve Biogen’s
new Alzheimer’s drug, Aduhelm, CNBC has learned."</p><div> "Dr. Aaron Kesselheim, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School,
said the agency’s decision on Biogen “was probably the worst drug
approval decision in recent U.S. history,” according to his resignation
letter obtained by CNBC." <br /></div><p><a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/secret-clinical-trial-data-to-go-public/" target="_blank">Secret
Clinical Trial Data to Go Public: Drug companies have begun to share
their clinical trial data. The long-overdue shift heralds a new era in
medicine</a> (from Scientific American)<br />
"How well does a prescription drug work? It can be hard for even doctors
to know. Pharmaceutical companies frequently withhold the results of
negative or inconclusive trials. Without a full accounting, a physician
who wants to counsel a patient about whether a drug works better than a
sugar pill is frequently at a loss. Drug companies share only airbrushed
versions of data on safety and usefulness.<br /><br />As a consequence,
regulators can approve drugs that have hidden health hazards. Clinical
trials of GlaxoSmithKline's diabetes drug Avandia (rosiglitazone) and
Merck's anti-inflammatory Vioxx (rofecoxib) revealed an elevated cardiac
risk from the drugs, but relevant findings were held back from
regulators or never published.* Far more drugs have gone to market with
critical safety data kept secret. These scandals have tarnished the
reputation of the pharmaceutical industry."</p><p><a href="https://www.commondreams.org/views/2021/06/03/bill-gates-almost-single-handedly-derailed-plan-could-have-led-peoples-vaccine" target="_blank">Bill Gates Almost Single-Handedly Derailed the Plan That Could Have Led to a 'People's Vaccine'<br /></a>"But the inspiring plan devised by the scientists—which promised to
create a vaccine essentially belonging to the world's people, not to
corporate shareholders—was crushed fairly decisively when Bill Gates
ventured into the fray."</p><div> "Among other things, the vaccine tragedy
highlights the danger posed by the extreme concentration of wealth and
power that Bill Gates represents. It
turns out that his mega-philanthropy comes with a hitch: it enables
Gates to develop extraordinary influence over crucial matters, such as
whether or not the world's poor will have a chance to survive the
pandemic." </div><div> </div><div><a href="https://newrepublic.com/article/162000/bill-gates-impeded-global-access-covid-vaccines" target="_blank">How
Bill Gates Impeded Global Access to Covid Vaccines: Through his
hallowed foundation, the world’s de facto public health czar has been a
stalwart defender of monopoly medicine.</a> <br /></div><p><br /></p><p><b>Money in Medical Research </b><br /><a href="https://medium.com/@drjasonfung/the-corruption-of-evidence-based-medicine-killing-for-profit-41f2812b8704" target="_blank">The Corruption of Evidence Based Medicine — Killing for Profit</a><br />
"This has huge implications. Evidence based medicine is completely
worthless if the evidence base is false or corrupted. It’s like building
a wooden house knowing the wood is termite infested. What caused this
sorry state of affairs? Well, Dr. Relman another <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12561803">former editor in chief of the NEJM said this in 2002</a> “The
medical profession is being bought by the pharmaceutical industry, not
only in terms of the practice of medicine, but also in terms of teaching
and research. The academic institutions of this country are allowing
themselves to be the paid agents of the pharmaceutical industry. I think
it’s disgraceful”<br />
<br />
The people in charge of the system — the editors of the most important
medical journals in the world, gradually learn over a few decades that
their life’s work is being slowly and steadily corrupted. Physicians and
universities have allowed themselves to be bribed."</p><div>
<a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/how-much-top-journal-editors-get-paid-by-big-pharma-corrupt" target="_blank">This Is The Sickening Amount Pharmaceutical Companies Pay Top Journal Editors</a></div>
<div>
"The medical profession is being bought by the pharmaceutical industry,
not only in terms of the practice of medicine, but also in terms of
teaching and research," <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12561803">said the late Arnold Relman</a>, a former editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) in 2002. He passed away in 2014.<br />
<br />
"The academic institutions of this country are allowing themselves to be
the paid agents of the pharmaceutical industry. I think it's
disgraceful."</div><p><a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/325/7373/1174.1?int_source=trendmd&int_medium=trendmd&int_campaign=trendmd" target="_blank">Undisclosed payments in research</a> <br /></p><div>
<a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/359/bmj.j4619" target="_blank">Payments by US pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers to US medical journal editors: retrospective observational study</a></div>
<div>
"Industry payments to journal editors are common and often large,
particularly for certain sub-specialties. Journals should consider the
potential impact of such payments on public trust in published
research."</div><p><a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/362/bmj.k3749?int_source=trendmd&int_medium=trendmd&int_campaign=trendmd" target="_blank">Oncology trial authors don’t fully disclose financial conflicts of interests, analysis finds</a>
"A substantial proportion of US oncologists involved in clinical trials
used to gain marketing authorization for cancer drugs do not fully
disclose financial conflicts of interest when the trial is published,
research in JAMA Oncology shows. The analysis, published as a research
letter,1 found that a of third of oncologist authors failed to
completely disclose payments from the drug company sponsor of the trial
when the trial was published."</p><p><a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/362/bmj.k3868?int_source=trendmd&int_medium=trendmd&int_campaign=trendmd" target="_blank">Leading US cancer researcher failed to disclose industry ties in dozens of articles</a><br />
"One of America’s most prominent breast cancer doctors failed to
disclose pharmaceutical industry ties worth millions of dollars in
authoring dozens of articles in major journals, according to a report by
the New York Times and ProPublica. José Baselga, physician-in-chief at
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, neglected to
mention multiple directorships and consultancy fees when completing
conflict of interest disclosure forms for leading publications including
the New England Journal of Medicine and the Lancet, the report
found. Baselga also left out his industry payments when writing for
Cancer Discovery, the journal of the American Association for Cancer
Research (AACR), even though he was the joint editor-in-chief and
president of the association."</p><b>Corruption and Profiteering in Medical Insurance and Medicare</b><br /><a href="https://theintercept.com/2021/12/14/medicare-privatized-health-care-insurance-direct-contracting-ethics/" target="_blank">Medicare Privatization Scheme Faced Legal Questions About Profiteering<br /></a>"Diane Archer, founder of Just Care and a health policy expert, described
a similar scenario in an email to The Intercept. “The way they make
money is by spending as little as possible on patient care, while
ensuring as best they can that they have all diagnoses possible for
their enrollees in order to maximize government payments. The more
diagnoses, the higher the government payments. Government payments are
set upfront and unrelated to the cost or number of services people
receive.<div></div><div></div><div></div><div>“And, yes, the incentive is to deny as much care as possible,” she
continued, “it’s also to delay as much care as possible and to create
administrative and financial barriers that make it hard for enrollees to
get care"</div><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEgNxlrfygI&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=230" target="_blank">Health Insurance Whistleblower: Medicare Advantage Is "Heist" by Private Firms to Defraud the Public</a></p><p><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-04-10/the-reason-health-care-is-so-expensive-insurance-companies">The Reason Health Care Is So Expensive: Insurance Companies</a><br />
"But the thing that few people talk about, and that no serious policy
proposal attempts to fix—the arrangement that accounts for much of the
difference between health spending in the U.S. and other places—is the
enormous administrative overhead costs that come from lodging
health-care reimbursement in the hands of insurance companies that have
no incentive to perform their role efficiently as payment
intermediaries."<br /><br />"Because insurers are paid a fixed percentage of
the claims they administer, they have no incentive to hold down costs.
Worse than that, they have no incentives to do their jobs with even a
modicum of competence." <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/02/11/health/aetna-california-investigation/index.html">CNN Exclusive: California launches investigation following stunning admission by Aetna medical director</a>
"California's insurance commissioner has launched an investigation into
Aetna after learning a former medical director for the insurer admitted
under oath he never looked at patients' records when deciding whether to
approve or deny care." <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euYnvrivoDc&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSBiJLnWXduozunSct2j5AjU&index=15" target="_blank">Inside America’s ‘GoFundMe’ Health Crisis</a><br /><br />
<a href="https://thinkprogress.org/mercatis-medicare-for-all-study-0a8681353316/" target="_blank">Koch-backed study finds ‘Medicare for All’ would save U.S. trillions</a></p><div>
<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1740-1461.2005.00050.x/full" target="_blank">Stability, Not Crisis: Medical Malpractice Claim Outcomes in Texas, 1988–2002</a></div>
"Using a comprehensive database of closed claims maintained by the Texas
Department of Insurance since 1988, this study provides evidence on a
range of issues involving medical malpractice litigation, including
claim frequency, payout frequency, payment amounts, defense costs, and
jury verdicts. The data present a picture of stability in most respects
and moderate change in others. We do not find evidence in claim outcomes
of the medical malpractice insurance crisis that produced headlines
over the last several years and led to legal reform in Texas and other
states. Controlling for population growth, the number of large paid
claims (over $25,000 in real 1988 dollars) was roughly constant from
1990–2002. The number of smaller paid claims declined. Controlling for
inflation, payout per large paid claim increased over 1988–2002 by an
estimated 0.1 percent (insignificant) to 0.5 percent (marginally
significant) per year, depending on the data set we use. Jury awards
increased by an estimated 2.5 percent (insignificant) to 3.6 percent
(marginally significant) per year, depending on the data set, but actual
payouts in tried cases showed little or no time trend. Real defense
costs per large paid claim rose by 4.2–4.5 percent per year. Real total
cost per large paid claim, including defense costs, rose by 0.8–1.2
percent per year."<p> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-78292919154255619662023-06-11T16:49:00.001-07:002023-06-11T16:49:12.345-07:00Mast Cells and the Endocrine System<p>These are my notes from the presentation <a href="https://vimeo.com/635651987?fbclid=IwAR0G96SKfhApWAnwNs8DuE8wH9OlwDPE7UbdZG9Ci3UYDvcTCHTUhJs7O4k" target="_blank">Endocrinology in Mast Cell Disease</a> <br />given by Dr. Marla Barkoff for The Mast Cell Disease Society</p><p>The 3 areas of endocrinology that Dr Barkoff discusses are thyroid function, bone density, and blood sugar and insulin regulation. (MCD = Mast Cell Disease)<br /></p><p><b>THYROID HEALTH</b><br />The thyroid gland sits at the base of the throat and secrets hormones that are like the “motor” of the body. When too much hormone is produced the metabolism speeds up, and you will see weight loss, body temp going up (feeling hot and sweaty), bowels speeding up (and possibly diarrhea), anxiety, and tremors. If not enough thyroid hormone is produced you will see slowing of the metabolism, feeling sluggish, depression, low body temp, heart rate slowing down, bowels slowing down (constipation), and weight gain. </p><p>The first line of treatment is hormone replacement, but this can be problematic for patients with MCD for several reasons. 95% of what the thyroid makes is T4 (meaning it has 4 iodine molecules attached). T4 is oral and may not be absorbed well in MCD patients because of intestinal inflammation. Signs of not absorbing T4 are if symptoms don’t improve and lab markers don’t improve. Trouble-shooting things to try-<br /><br />-Calcium and iron supplements need to be dosed at least 2 hrs away from T4 to not interfere with absorption. <br />-Acid blockers, PPIs, and maybe H2 blockers may block absorption. <br />-If still not working calculate full replacement dose (weight in kg multiplied by 1.7 before menopause and 1.6 after). <br />-Can switch to a liquid form (tyrosynth) that tends to be much better absorbed. The solution form has no gelatin which can be better for allergies, halal, kosher, vegan, etc. <br />-If still not working, are they having a sensitivity? Levothyroxine, only the 50mg is white (note- this doesn’t mean no dyes!). Some brands of T4 are better tolerated including Levoxyl or Euthyrox (all doses are white). Levothyroxin can be compounded easily. </p><p>T4 is the inactive form of thyroid hormone, an enzyme removes one iodine to make T3 and that is the active form. Some mast cell mediators released with degranulation can halt or impede the conversion of T4 to T3. If this is happening it may help to add a low dose of T3 (2.5mcg, rarely need more than 5mcg in AM). T3 is short lived and fast acting, may need to be dosed again midday. Dose in ratio of 95%T4 to 5%T3. Reason not to use “natural” form, which is desiccated from pigs, is that it has a different ratio of T4 to T3. Never use T3 alone. </p><p><b>BONE HEALTH</b><br />Bone density is the result of two kinds of cells that work together to keep bone healthy and strong. Osteoblasts build new bone, and osteoclasts break down old bone that is no longer functioning well. The active process of these two kinds of cells working together is called bone remodeling, and the balance of the actions of these two kinds of cells is essential for bone to be both flexible and strong as it needs to be. There are many different factors that influence this balance including vitamin D, estrogen, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The fact that estrogen is involved is why women lose bone density after menopause. <br /></p><p>If a person is losing bone density, testing for vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels is a good place to start. Parathyroid glands sit above thyroid gland but are not involved in thyroid function. If vitamon D levels are inadequate, PTH kicks in. PTH triggers osteoclasts to degrade bone. Mast cells release RANK ligand when they degranulate which also stimulates osteoclasts. Vitamin D levels should be above 30 and PTH level should be less than 45. PTH can also trigger mast cell degranulation. The drug Forteo is pharmacological PTH, so might also trigger mast cell degranulation. What is safer in MCD is the anti-resorbtive including bisphosphonates and Prolea (a monoclonal antibody given in doctor’s office). </p><p><b>BLOOD SUGAR</b><br />Evidence suggests that mast cell degranulation releases pro-inflammatory mediators that can contribute to white fat growth and differentiation and insulin resistance, which causes blood sugar to rise and the body may struggle to produce enough insulin. Check fasting glucose level, normal is < 100, >126 is diabetes, in between is pre-diabetes. Also check HbA1c which is average blood sugar over 3 month period, normal <5.7, if >5.7 glucose tolerance test. Metformin may be good option for MCD patients because it is also anti-inflammatory. <br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-45908995641683235152023-03-23T03:28:00.000-07:002023-03-23T03:28:30.977-07:00Advocacy and Support Organizations <p><a href="https://apfed.org/" target="_blank">American Partnership for Eosinophilic Disorders (APFED)</a> Working diligently to advocate for increased funding, state and federal legislation, and medical coding to benefit those affected by eosinophilic disease </p><p><a href="https://porphyriafoundation.org/for-patients/types-of-porphyria/epp-xlp/" target="_blank">American Porphyria Foundation </a><br /></p><div style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.mastcellaction.org/">Mast Cell Action</a><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> was founded in 2016 to offer support to the mast cell disease
community, their families, doctors and researchers. To raise awareness
of disorders resulting from mast cell activation, increase vital
research in this area and strive for better diagnostics and treatment.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">T<a href="https://tmsforacure.org/">he Mastocytosis Society</a>
is a non-profit organization dedicated to supporting patients affected by Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Activation Disorders as well as their families, caregivers and physicians through research, education and advocacy.</div><p><a href="https://www.mitoaction.org/" target="_blank">MitoAction</a>’s mission is to improve the quality of life for children,
adults, and families living with mitochondrial disease through support,
education, outreach, advocacy, clinical research initiatives and by
granting wishes for children affected by mitochondrial disease.<br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://www.mpnresearchfoundation.org/" target="_blank"><br />MPN (Myeloproliferative Neoplasms) Research Foundation </a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
<a href="https://oley.org/">The Oley Foundation</a>
Striving to enrich the lives of those living with home intravenous
nutrition and tube feeding through education, advocacy, and networking.</p><p><a href="http://pacifhan.org/?fbclid=IwAR10x3IbIhlOWSbwVhTX8ki8nbWuO1XQLXyQcKHvu7qftN0JdccJnhR_OVE">PACIFHAN</a> (Patient Organizations for Chronic Intestinal Failure and Home Artificial Nutrition)<br />To work together to promote the international sharing of information and
resources to improve the quality of life of Home Artificial Nutrition
patients.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.albinism.org/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation (NOAH)</span></a><br />
<a href="https://rarediseases.org/" target="_blank"><br /></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://rarediseases.org/" target="_blank">National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.ehlers-danlos.com/" target="_blank">The Ehlers-Danlos Society</a><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Dysautonomia Foundation, Inc.</span>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Digestive Disease National Coalition</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Adrenal Insufficiency United</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Gastroparesis Patient Association for Cures and Treatments,
Inc. (G-PACT)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Immune Deficiency Foundation</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal
Disorders</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Kyphoscoliotic Heart Disease</span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-61076104368875640622023-02-09T16:46:00.002-08:002023-02-13T02:51:45.902-08:00Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)<p>Low-Dose Naltrexone, usually abbreviated LDN, is used fairly often in treating some of the diseases that co-occur with MCAS and even MCAS itself. It is considered to be quite safe. In this capacity it is usually used to treat chronic pain, particularly in cases of Fibromylagia and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. The drug was originally used to treat heroin addiction (and sometimes alcohol addiction) by reducing the symptoms of withdrawl. Later it was discovered that very low doses could stop an HIV infection from becoming AIDS. LDN has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties, anti-depressive properties, and anti-anxiety properties. Doctors began using it in this low dose form to treat other things including Crohn's
Disease, Fibromyalgia, MS, some skin disorders, and lately even in
treating some cancers. While the ways that LDN helps in many diseases is not well understood, it is clear that it is very safe and able to help many people suffering a wide range of diseases/disorders. <br /></p><p>LDN is an immune-modulator rather than an immune-suppressant. Drugs that are immune-suppressors treat the symptoms of some diseases by suppressing the body's production of inflammatory molecules, suppressing the body's ability to fight infection. This may put a disease into a less active state but it does not actually treat the disease by addressing the underlying cause, and it can leave the person dangerously susceptible to infection. By up-regulating the expression of certain cellular receptors, LDN actually changes the immune system itself, making it more able to respond appropriately to a challenge. It can be said to "modulate" the immune system because it reduces inflammation while supporting a person to be more healthy in an overall sense. </p><p>LDN works by blocking the opiate receptors on cells for about 3 hours at
a time, which tricks the body into thinking that there aren't enough
receptors, causing it to produce more. The body also responds by producing
more endorphins, which are the body's own chemicals to reduce pain and
cause a state of well-being. It reduces inflammation in the brain and CNS by acting on the TLR-4 receptors on immune cells called glial cells, causing them to reduce their production of pro-inflammatory molecules including IL-6. This provides an anti-inflammatory effect on the brain but this benefit can include other parts of the body because the brain controls so much of the body.</p><p>The only two side effects that seem to be reported much are that it can cause people to have vivid dreams,and that when a person begins taking it, during the first few weeks it can cause insomnia. However, there are also some people who report that it causes there sleep to improve. Some patients experience benefits from LDN very soon after starting it, while it can take longer in others. It should be tried for at least 2 to 3 months before deciding that it isn't working for a patient. </p><p><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12967-018-1427-5" target="_blank">Low dose Naltrexone for induction of remission in inflammatory bowel disease patients</a><br /><br /><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/art.37734" target="_blank">Low-dose naltrexone for the treatment of fibromyalgia: Findings of a small, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, crossover trial assessing daily pain levels</a></p><p><a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1352458510366857" target="_blank">The effect of low-dose naltrexone on quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial</a></p><p><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07391102.2020.1820379" target="_blank">Naltrexone a potential therapeutic candidate for COVID-19</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21641846.2019.1692770?src=recsys" target="_blank">Low-dose naltrexone in the treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)</a><br />"The high frequency of treatment response and good safety profile
observed in this retrospective open label study could prompt prospective
controlled studies to confirm the feasibility of LDN in alleviating
ME/CFS symptoms."</p><p><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14737140.2022.2037426?src=recsys" target="_blank">Naltrexone at low doses (LDN) and its relevance to cancer therapy</a><br /> "Considering the increase in the number of anecdotal reports of activity,
there will likely be a bigger drive toward using LDN in the oncological
setting. These reports support clinical trials of LDN in cancer,
especially when given in combination with certain chemotherapy."</p><p>"We review three mechanisms through which LDN can influence cancer
progression; namely, (a) antagonism of receptors to which LDN binds,
which include toll-like receptors 7–9 that lead to IL-6 suppression b)
modulation of immune function in patients; and c) direct inhibition of
signaling pathways involved in cancer cell control, including the
priming of pro-apoptotic pathways." </p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-52880504833971971952023-01-25T21:24:00.003-08:002023-06-27T04:24:09.533-07:00Eating Disorders<p> </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEz2a97MASQ&list=WL&index=39" target="_blank">Eating Disorders (Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating)</a><br />
Eating disorders are defined as "a pattern of aberrant food intake that
reduces someone's ability to maintain adequate nutrition." EDs are
some of the most dangerous mental health disorders. Both Anorexia
Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa are both characterized by "overvalued
beliefs about weight" and "the maladaptive behaviors that follow.", but
are distinctly different disorders. To be diagnosed with anorexia
patients must weigh less than the average for their height and age (BMI
of less than 17.5). These patients are preoccupied with their weight,
believe that they are overweight, and are preoccupied with thoughts and
planning around losing weight. It is "a disorder of distorted
perception". Weight-loss strategies can include excessive exercise,
abuse of laxatives, vomiting, restricting intake of food and calories,
and avoiding eating altogether. These behaviors result in malnutrition
that can affect a person's organ function and lead to disorders
including heart arrhythmias and osteoporosis. Anorexia is similar to OCD
in that it involves obsessive thoughts (about weight) and compulsive
behaviors intended to ease those thoughts, which never happens.
Anorexia is ego syntonic, meaning that the person does not see it as a
problem or as something untrue, and is therefore more like OCPD
(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder) than OCD, which is
ego-dystonic. Also similar to OCPD is the rigidity of the person's
behaviors, and the attachment to ideas such as "being overweight is
bad". Actual Anorexia is rare (less than 1 in 200 people) and affects
about 10 times more women than men. It is believed that social and
environmental factors are major risk factors. Anorexia has a death rate
of around 20%, making it the most deadly mental health disorder. </p><p>Bulimia
Nervosa is characterized by episodes of binge eating (consuming a large
amount of food in a short period of time) in which the person feels
little self-control before binging, emotional numbness while binging,
then shame and guilt afterwards. The immediate regret the person feels
leads them to behaviors to offset the food they just ate including
vomiting (purging) and abuse of laxatives. This can lead to
complications such as dehydration, damage to the teeth and esophagus,
kidney damage, ulcers, and more. Damage to the stomach and esophagus
can be severe enough to cause ulcers and rupture of the esophagus
(Boerhaave Syndrome). Diagnosis requires that episodes of
binging/purging occur at least once a week for at least 3 months. The
person with bulimia has low self-esteem, difficulty with relationships,
and fear of being rejected and alone, and unlike anorexia they are
usually at least average weight. More than half of patients diagnosed
with bulimia also meet criteria for Borderline Personality
Disorder(BPD). Bulimia can be seen as being a version of BPD that is
centered on food and eating. Bulimia occurs in around 1% of the
population and is about 10 times more prevalent in women than men. </p><p>Binge
Eating Disorder is very similar to Bulimia but does not involve the
purging/offsetting behaviors. This means that people with this disorder
tend to be significantly overweight. It is about equally prevalent in
men and women and is also often comorbid with BPD. The most recently
recognized eating disorder is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
(ARFID), which involves avoiding eating and eating only a small number
of foods, but does not involve fear of being overweight or gaining
weight. Reasons for limiting food intake include fear of choking or
some other bad experience from eating recurring, sensory discomfort, or
low appetite. This disorder usually begins in childhood but can last
into adulthood. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqYaRCqZNmc&list=WL&index=188" target="_blank">To The Parents Of Eating Disorder Sufferers, From An ED Survivor </a><br /></p><p><a href=" https://www.tiktok.com/@savingamycymru?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc" target="_blank">SavingAmyCymru</a> (Amy discusses what it's like to live with a severe chronic ED, including daily life, common and uncommon symptoms, and the struggle to get medical care. TW- Amy passed recently from the effects of her illness and lack of access to care. R.I.P. Amy and thank you for gracing this world.) </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@ofherbsandaltars" target="_blank">Of Herbs and Altars</a> (YouTuber Dorian gives a lot of in-depth information and perspectives on eating disorders in story form) <br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-2747705496474421462023-01-18T01:56:00.002-08:002023-01-18T01:56:52.264-08:00Non-pharmacological options for the Prevention and Treatment of COVID 19<p>There are quite a few options available to limit the spread of and
severity of infection from SARS CoV-2 and other viruses that are safe,
easy to get, inexpensive, and many are things a person can do themselves at home. </p><p><b>These include:</b></p><p><b>Black seed oil</b> blocks the ACE2 receptor, which is one of the ways that SARS CoV 2 enters and infects cells. <br /></p><p><b>Povidone Iodine</b>
is one form of iodine that is readily available and has significant
anti-microbial effects, including being anti-viral, and is quite safe.
It can be used as a mouthwash and gargle, a nasal rinse, for swabbing
the ears, and for brushing teeth. The povidone solution should be 0.5%
to be effective. <br /><br /><b>Saline</b> can be used to rinse out the nasal passages and reduce viral load. An easy option is to buy a can of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_NymGrQ96o" target="_blank">saline mist</a> at the drugstore, which can then be sprayed into the nostrils, or use a neti pot for a more thorough cleaning. </p><p><a href="https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220930/Simple-nasal-wash-can-prevent-hospitalization-and-deaths-from-COVID-19.aspx?fbclid=IwAR0uRGk6C7Wu5ywsBC4QmHQFzK3thVE9pmclz7iR8b8eWY1aU0KIHY31HS8" target="_blank">Simple nasal wash can prevent hospitalization and deaths from COVID-19</a><br />"The researchers found that only 1.3 per cent of COVID-19 patients who
underwent nasal wash required hospitalization, suggesting that they were
more than eight times less likely to be hospitalized compared with the
11 per cent in the CDC dataset."<br />This article references the study:<br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36007135/" target="_blank">Rapid initiation of nasal saline irrigation to reduce severity in high-risk COVID+ outpatients</a><br /><br /><b>Hydrogen Peroxide</b> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19Pv0FfMcK8" target="_blank"><br />How to Nebulize with (food-grade) Hydrogen Peroxide</a><br />mix 2 cups of distilled water with 1 teaspoon of Himalayan salt, 1 drop of iodine, and 3/4 teaspoon of food grade hydrogen peroxide 12%. Refrigerate this mixture. Nebulize this every hour if you are very sick, or less often if you are less sick, such as every 4 to 6 hours. You can also use this if you think you may have been exposed to COVID 19. </p><p>To gargle with hydrogen peroxide mix one part H2O2 with 4 parts water and swish or gargle it for 30 seconds.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bu9woSc-b0k&list=WL&index=67" target="_blank">Another source</a> discusses use of nebulizing hydrogen peroxide for general respiratory illnesses and COVID as well. She prepares the solution to be nebulized by mixing hydrogen peroxide 3% with equal parts saline. She will nebulize for about 2 minutes if she has been exposed to someone who is sick, or twice per day 4 minutes each time when she herself is sick. For maintenance she uses it twice a week for about 2 minutes each time. She points out that some people will have "die off" symptoms if they have other lingering or sub clinical infections in the mouth. To clean the nebulizer, she rinses with hot water and then wipes out the insides with vinegar. Lastly she suggests taking a dose (she doesn't say how much) of vitamin C after each time you nebulize.</p><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1011134422002342" target="_blank">Cardiopulmonary and hematological effects of infrared LED photobiomodulation in the treatment of SARS-COV2</a><br />"Post-treatment, the LED group showed a reduction in hospital discharge
time and a statistically significant improvement for the following
cardiopulmonary functions: Partial Oxygen Saturation, Tidal Volume,
Maximum Inspiratory, and Expiratory Pressures, Respiratory Frequency,
Heart Rate, and Systolic Blood Pressure (<em>p</em> < 0.05).
Regarding blood count, it was observed that post-treatment, the LED
group presented with significant differences in the count of leukocytes,
neutrophils, and lymphocytes."<br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdiUnmpOgqE " target="_blank">This is a MedCram lecture about this study</a><br /></p><p><b>Supplements and Off-Label Medications:</b><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7644430/" target="_blank"><br />Potential association of mast cells with coronavirus disease 2019</a><br />"Liposomal luteolin could be supplemented with the H<sub>1</sub> receptor
antagonist rupatadine (not available in the United States except if
compounded), which has anti–platelet-activating factor and mast
cell–inhibitory actions, and the H<sub>2</sub> receptor antagonist,
famotidine, which has been reported to be beneficial in COVID-19. In
addition, supplementation with vitamin D3 could be useful, because it
can reduce allergic inflammation and has been reported to be of benefit
in COVID-19."</p><h1 class="heading-title"><span style="font-size: medium;"> <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33491508/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Scutellaria baicalensis extract and baicalein inhibit replication of SARS-CoV-2 and its 3C-like protease in vitro</span></a> <span style="font-weight: normal;">(Chinese skullcap)</span><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">"We studied the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of S. baicalensis and its ingredients. We found that the ethanol extract of S. baicalensis and its major component, baicalein, inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro activity in vitro with IC50's of 8.52 µg/ml and 0.39 µM, respectively. Both of them inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells with EC50's of 0.74 µg/ml and 2.9 µM, respectively. While baicalein is mainly active at the viral post-entry stage, the ethanol extract also inhibits viral entry. We further identified four baicalein analogues from other herbs that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro activity at µM concentration. All the active compounds and the S. baicalensis extract also inhibit the SARS-CoV 3CLpro, demonstrating their potential as broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus drugs."</span></span></span></h1><h1 class="heading-title"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf5014633" target="_blank">Zinc Ionophore Activity of Quercetin and Epigallocatechin-gallate: From Hepa 1-6 Cells to a Liposome Model</a><br />Zinc is an important mineral in facilitating our immune system's response to viral infections, and low zinc levels have been found to be a significant risk factor for catching COVID 19 and for this infection to be serious. A zinc ionophore is something that transports zinc into the cell where it is needed to fight viruses. <br /></span></span></span></h1><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrK4uAXebHs&list=WL&index=4" target="_blank">I got my Taste and Smell back a year after having Covid!!! Here’s what I did.<br /></a><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpkNGOsurAo&list=WL&index=22" target="_blank">Best Diet & Fast for COVID - NEW SCIENCE</a><br />The presenter fasted all day than had a large, vegetable-heavy dinner of salad and other vegetables. She got through COVID in 5 days. She also notes that fear and anger reduce our immune response and therefore can make us more susceptible to becoming sick. She discusses several studies that provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of diet and fasting on COVID outcomes.<br /><br /><a href="https://gut.bmj.com/content/70/11/2096.full" target="_blank">Diet Quality and Risk Severity of COVID 19: s prospective cohort study</a><br />This is a study that was published in the journal Gut in September of
2021 that followed over 500,000 people for a period of time, in which
around 31,000 people got COVID. Those who followed the diet, which
included a high amount of plant-based foods, had a 50% lower risk of
getting COVID. <br /><br /><a href="https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/09/diet-could-affect-coronavirus-risk-according-to-mgh-study/" target="_blank">Diet may affect risk and severity of COVID-19</a><br />This is an article discussing the study linked to above discussed in more accessible layman's terms. <br /><br />Autophagy from intermittent fasting also aids the immune system in fighting off COVID 19 by stimulating immune function in many ways. (quoted from the study below) "In autophagy, autophagosomes, a double membrane vesicles, engulf and
fuse cytoplasmic elements that degraded and recycled the cargo
to produce sugars, nucleosides/nucleotides, amino acids, and fatty
acids. These vital components can be channeled to the other metabolic
pathways for cellular utilization."<br /><br />"In addition, autophagy is associated with various pathophysiological
processes, such as cell survival, cell death, aging, and immunity. Autophagy is involved in the antigenic presentation of pathogen (for example, virus) components to the immune system.
Autophagy modulates the constituents of immune system, including T and B
lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and natural killer (NK)
cells.
In innate as well as adaptive immune reactions, autophagy stimulates to
maintain survival, homeostasis, proliferation, activation, as well as
differentiation. Besides, autophagy also encourages immune-mediated cells to release antibodies and cytokines.
During innate immunity, autophagy acts as a pattern of downstream
receptors recognition through stimulation of the receptors of innate
immunity containing nod-like receptors and toll-like receptors (TLR7),
which triggers effector responses such as cytokine production,
activation of NK T cell, and phagocytosis"<br /><br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7351063/" target="_blank">Intermittent fasting, a possible priming tool for host defense against SARS-CoV-2 infection: Crosstalk among calorie restriction, autophagy and immune response</a><br />"As a healthy practice, calorie restriction in the form of intermittent
fasting (IF) in several clinical settings has been reported to promote
several health benefits, including priming of the immune response. This
dietary restriction also activates autophagy, a cell surveillance system
that boosts up immunity."<br /><br /><a href="https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210607/Study-explores-therapeutic-potential-of-exploiting-autophagy-cascade-against-COVID-19.aspx" target="_blank">Study explores therapeutic potential of exploiting autophagy cascade against COVID-19</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/how_long_do_you_need_to_fast_for_autophagy/article.htm" target="_blank">How Long Do You Need to Fast for Autophagy?</a><br /><br />General Immune Support<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6d3twpHwis&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSD5VM2JZ2WYGOnitI0pis75&index=40&t=0s " target="_blank"> A Doctor Explains How to Make the Safest Face Mask</a><cite class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-title clearfix"></cite></p><p><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-18323595869152748892023-01-18T01:24:00.005-08:002023-01-18T01:58:31.525-08:00Thoughts on COVID 19<p>It's not clear whether the pandemic is officially over or not, and this is not helped by the official word of Dr Fauci that it both is and it isn't (Schroedinger's pandemic?), but it does seem that the pandemic is trying to quietly slink away and pretend it never happened while we're all preoccupied with the war in Ukraine. Either way it feels like a good time to offer some thoughts about the events of the past few years.</p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal">I want to say first that I feel for everyone. This pandemic
has been profoundly harmful and traumatizing to most of us. I lost people I
love to COVID 19. I've lost a lot of people I love for a lot of medical reasons.
Nothing I say is meant to attack or judge anyone else's choices and I am asking
for that in return. I completely agree that immune compromised or suppressed
people have been thrown under the bus, in so many ways, and honestly this was a
serious problem before COVID happened. Over the past 8 years of me being
critically ill it's abundantly clear that most people not only don't care about
a health issue if it won't hurt them directly, but they become like
"maskholes" if they are inconvenienced in any way, such as being
asked to go without eating peanuts for 2 consecutive hours once in their
lifetime. I wish I was exaggerating. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I've been living with the same
precautions and isolation of the lockdowns and other aspects of the pandemic for over 8 years and no one cared until it
was something that might hurt them too. Before COVID things were just as bad
for a lot of people critically ill with many rare diseases for stupid simple
reasons with easy fixes that no one cared enough to bother fixing. No or almost
no access to necessary care, shortages of necessary meds and med products to
the point of killing people (over 200 meds are on shortage or completely
unavailable at any given time), potentially deadly misinformation from
corporate-driven public health sources,to name a few.<br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TL:DR- all the actual scientific evidence supports that if
you wear an N95 (not K95) or N100 mask/respirator CORRECTLY you are protected
whether or not anyone else is wearing a mask. These masks are essentially
airtight when worn correctly, which means they have valves in them to let the
air out when you exhale (otherwise they are extremely uncomfortable), which was
NOT acceptable during the pandemic.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
was not explained well by public health authorities, but there are two reasons
to wear masks- to protect yourself or to protect others. Mask requirements
during the pandemic have all been intended to protect other people around the
wearer, NOT the wearer themselves. This caused problems for people like me who
need to wear a mask for self-protection so we usually ended up wearing a
surgical mask over our N95s. When a home health nurse comes to my house, they
wear a surgical mask because they are protecting me from any pathogens they
might be carrying, but the mask doesn't need to protect them because I'm not
considered a potential threat to their immune system. This distinction was
botched throughout the pandemic causing a lot of confusion over the role of
masks.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Long version with tedious details....</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">At the beginning of the pandemic I WAS TERRIFIED. I had
literal panic attacks over any possible exposure and our family (all of us are at
higher risk) took some pretty extreme precautions, we even quarantined our
mail in the beginning. I've stayed away from any conversations about this for my
own mental health but I'll say a few things here. I am critically ill and
profoundly immune compromised, have had bacterial sepsis at least 12 times, any
viral illness can cause permanent organ damage or loss of function (and has),
I'm on supplemental oxygen, have been on other life support for 6 years,
homebound other than dr appointments/therapy/hospital, basically I was
"living the pandemic lifestyle" before it was cool. I had the
hyperinflammatory response (why people with COVID were in ICU) from a viral bug
(before COVID) so mild we weren't even sure my kids had been sick at all, but within
about 4-5 hours of first symptom I was rushed to the hospital by speeding
ambulance, direct admit into ICU, where my dh was told that if I had any family
who wanted to say goodbye they needed to get there in a hurry. Obviously I
made it through. This is the tip of the iceberg and I won't bore you with the
rest.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I'm saying this to make the point that I've had to learn the
details of viral transmission (such as proper use of masks and other protective
measures) to stay alive and have had input and guidance from highly qualified
specialists (for example my pulmonologist/critical care dr worked in a COVID ICU the
first year of the pandemic. I also follow the actual science as if my life
depends on it because it does.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Just
following public health guidelines, which are simplified at best, is a risk I
can't afford. I'm not going to give specifics here but I am going to say that
there are actually quite a few meds (and some supplements), used mostly
off-label and whose safety profiles are well known, that are often cheap and
easy to get, that have been shown to be very effective in preventing and
treating COVID 19 in large numbers of high quality scientific studies as well
as real-world experiences in many other countries. There is no real controversy
about this in the medical field but none of this information was included in
public health messaging here in the US, where official messaging and policies were shaped by corporations and individuals with direct financial interests in those messages and policies.</p><p class="MsoNormal">Dr Fauci is the most highly paid federal employee out of all 4 million or so of them, including the president and congress. He has direct or indirect control of most of the funding for biomedical research in the US and as such can make or break careers on a whim. There have been concerns regarding his conduct and decision-making for decades including the way he orchestrated the US' response to the AIDS epidemic. Innumerable lives were lost to AIDS because of Dr Fauci's stubborn insistence to focus only on developing a vaccine and refusal to support research into treatments such as repurposing existing medications to reduce the suffering and extend the life of sick patients. Doctors in the field were left to experiment and develop protocols on their own, and thank god they did because those protocols are still the best tools we have to treat this disease. In addition to Dr Fauci's high income the employees of the NIH (the National Institutes of Health) earn a combined 300 million dollars a year from royalties and patents and the source of these payments is more closely guarded then many of our military secrets. </p><p class="MsoNormal">These monetary ties with industry compromise the integrity of the NIH, the CDC, the FDA, and other involved governmental agencies. Whether or not there is actual inappropriate influence and corruption, the appearance of impropriety is enough to undermine the credibility of the government's pandemic response. This was a major contributor to the ineffectiveness of the government's response and the loss of faith that many if not most Americans experienced regarding that response. The degree of censorship and control of information pretty much destroyed what credibility had survived the clear conflicts of interest. The unwillingness of the government and most of the media to even acknowledge the long list of concerns raised by the public, the complete disaster that was the CDC's data collection efforts, the iron-fisted management of the rhetoric of public discourse that turned "herd immunity" into "community immunity" to avoid the association with the phrase "herd mentality" all further eroded public trust, but the unquestioned yet dubious "fact checkers" were the proverbial last nail in the Orwellian coffin. More wealth is at stake now then there has ever been before in human history. Those who are controlling the public discourse and policy have a long history of willingness to sacrifice large parts of the population for their own financial gain with no concern for the suffering they cause.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
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<![endif]--></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-73846816461847549072023-01-17T23:58:00.003-08:002023-07-18T21:05:14.359-07:00Oral and Dental Health<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twXWhX1fKtQ&list=WL&index=60" target="_blank">Is It Possible to Reverse Tooth Decay?</a><br />The process of remineralization can be monitored by a dentist with imaging. This can be helpful because it may not be possible to tell if it is happening otherwise. <p>Tooth decay can indicate a nutritional deficiency, such as vitamin D. Can be done with supplementation. Foods that provide vitamin D include cod liver oil, liver or desiccated liver pills. Test again after 3 to 6 months. Also vitamin K2 (which can also be found in many organ meats). There are 2 kinds of K2 supplements, MK-4 (animal source, and is more active in the body) and MK-7 (which comes from fermented foods such as natto). Always supplement vitamin K2 when supplementing vitamin D. Vitamin A can also be found in cod liver oil. Taking vitamin D increases the need for vitamin A because they work together. Magnesium catalyzes all of these nutrients and is needed for vitamin D to work. Magnesium is part of the structure of the calcium phosphate tooth mineral structure. Magnesium deficiency keeps vitamin D receptors from working. Fermented foods can replenish oral bacteria which helps teeth regenerate. The body makes bone by first laying down a collagen matrix, made of amino acids, than calcifies that matrix. These amino acids are found in bone broth (made from the bones and joints of animals), skin (such as pork rinds), and from supplements. <br /><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6PZw52_1ig&list=WL&index=86&t=24s" target="_blank">How to Treat Cavities and Reverse Tooth Decay Naturally</a><br />Some cavities in the teeth can actually be healed and eliminated, and others reduced, by making changes in what you eat. For a dietary perspective there are 4 causes of tooth decay, which are; excess sugar in the diet, excess phytic acid, not enough minerals, and not enough fat soluble vitamins. Excess sugar feeds bacteria in and around the teeth causing it to multiply and erode the enamel that is protecting your teeth. This bacteria can also circulate in your body and lead to cardiac problems and many other health problems. All refined sugars should be removed from your diet. At first this should also include natural sugars such as maple syrup and most honey, but these natural sugars may be able to be tolerated somewhat later. </p><p>Phytic acid is a substance found in grains, beans, nuts, and seeds. Phytic acid binds to minerals in the food and keeps those minerals from being absorbed and used by your body. Just because a food package says that it contains a certain amount of something, doesn't mean that your body will absorb and be able to use much if any of it. The phytic acid can be greatly reduced by soaking the food and sprouting it before using it (before milling it into flour in the case of grains. Personal note- most bean and nut flours are made from beans and nuts that were NOT soaked first). Make sure to get adequate calcium, magnesium, selenium, iron, phosphorous, silica, and other minerals in your diet. Vegetables, soaked nuts and seeds, and raw (goat and sheep) dairy are some good sources of minerals. A multi-mineral supplement can help, and eating a lot of probiotic foods can also help. </p><p>Lastly, the fat soluble vitamins including A, E, D, and K are essential for tooth health. Vitamins D3 and K2 are essential for our bodies to absorb adequate calcium and to put the calcium in our bones, where it is beneficial, rather than elsewhere in our body (such as our arteries) where it can cause disease. These can be taken as a supplement and can also be found in raw dairy and fermented foods, such as milk kefir and yogurt. Getting sunshine on the skin is important as a source of vitamin D. The fat soluble vitamins are found in fat, such as butter, lard, and some oils, so it is important to eat a good amount of these healthy fats.Vitamin A can be made in your body from beta carotene which is found in orange and green vegetables. </p><p>Another tool for healthy teeth is to do oil pulling, which is an ancient Ayurvedic technique, in which you swish oil around in your mouth. Use about a tablespoon of oil, coconut and sesame oil (not toasted) work well, and swish it around in your mouth for 5 to 20 minutes. While swishing it around make sure to "pull" the oil through/between your teeth, and make sure to spit it out when done rather than swallowing it. You can use the plain oil or add essential oils to it including clove, peppermint, cinnamon, and the best one for dental health is myrrh. Myrrh can also be rubbed on the gums to treat inflammation. Additionally a re-mineralizing "toothpaste" can be made by mixing baking soda with a mineral supplement (open the capsule and dump the powder in directly) and optionally an essential oil such as peppermint. </p><p><a href="https://draxe.com/beauty/oil-pulling-coconut-oil/" target="_blank">Dr Axe's guide to oil pulling<br /></a><a href="https://draxe.com/beauty/homemade-baking-soda-toothpaste/" target="_blank">Dr Axe's homemade baking soda toothpaste</a><br /><a href="https://draxe.com/beauty/homemade-probiotic-toothpaste/" target="_blank">Dr Axe's homemade toothpaste recipe</a><br /><a href="https://draxe.com/health/naturally-reverse-cavities-heal-tooth-decay/" target="_blank">More on reversing and healing tooth decay from Dr Axe</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InVB0-BPf6c&list=PLEYOgIkK8MSBiJLnWXduozunSct2j5AjU&index=12" target="_blank">Bone Loss Around Your Teeth | The Real Cause Will Shock You | The Side Effects Are DEADLY</a><br />Bacterial infections around the base of teeth, at the gumline, can erode bone and gum tissue, which can then compromise the teeth. These bacteria create biofilm around the roots of teeth. When a dentist or periodontist probes around the base of the teeth, they are checking to see how deep the "pocket" is between the tooth and the gum tissue around it. Infections in the gums, called "periodntitis", can then lead to bacteria spreading into the bloodstream. Once the infection is in the blood it can lead to many serious complications including heart attacks, strokes, angina, and arteriosclerosis. Additionally, chronic bacterial infection in the mouth can cause very bad breath. </p><p>Another significant source of tooth damage and decay is a misaligned bite. When the teeth don't line up right during the bite, this causes teeth to move and rock in their sockets, which can loosen them and can make the pockets around the teeth larger thus allowing more bacteria into the gums. Methods of cleaning teeth at home such as brushing, flossing, using a water pick, etc can't clean deep into the pockets and can't remove the biofilm around the roots of the teeth. Bacteria can also get into the actual bone structure of the teeth, into little holes called microtubules, which is also out of reach of most methods for cleaning teeth. These bacteria can reinfect an area around a tooth after it has been cleaned. These bacterial infections lead to actual bone loss in the teeth. </p><p>Standard teeth scraping and descaling don't address the biofilm and the bacteria beneath the surface. These techniques are meant to slow down bone loss but not to reverse it. There is a method of measuring how even the bite is. The teeth should be sharing the impact 50/50 and the teeth should be meeting in the middle, not on their sides. Laser therapy can remove the infected tissue, sterilize the roots of the teeth, and can even lead to healing of bone and gums around the teeth.<br /></p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SQfECJ-HDw&list=WL&index=48" target="_blank">How To GROW BONE Lost To Gum Disease - AMAZING Results!</a><br />There is a method of treating periodontal disease and rebuilding bone around teeth called LANAP, which uses a laser. This method leads to slow regrowth of bone that can take several years to get desired results. <a href="https://www.lanap.com/lanap/" target="_blank">This site</a> has more information about the method and the laser it uses. <br /><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX_3uPzYFOo&list=WL&index=7" target="_blank">New cavity treatment offers no drilling, no filling</a><br />This is new, experimental method of filling teeth with a resin that can be applied to cavities between teeth, and doesn't use the traditional method of drilling and filling cavities. <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebO60bhVYvA&list=WL&index=51" target="_blank">Oil Pulling</a><br />Oil pulling is a natural way to treat swollen and receding gums. Oil pulling means swishing some oil around in the mouth and/or "pulling" it through the teeth. It can be made with sesame oil (not the toasted kind), which has antibacterial action, or coconut oil. You can add Triphala Powder (a blend of 3 Ayurvedic herbs including Indian gooseberry, Belleric myrobalan, and Yellow myrobalan) which can prevent bad bacteria from growing in the mouth. Fennel seeds and cloves are also good and can be chewed.<br /></p><p>In one approx. 8 oz jar put 10 to 12 cloves (ground in mortar and pestle, 1/2 tablespoon fennel seeds (ground in mortar and pestle), 1 tablespoon triphala powder, 1/4 cup sesame oil, 1/2 cup coconut oil, close the jar lid and shake well. Let it sit for 2 days before using, shake it up several times. Strain the oil into another jar and throw away the leftover sediment. To use add 1 tablespoon of the oil to 1 tablespoon of water and swish around in mouth for 10 minutes. Spit it out, do not swallow it. <br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ba3HKAZsGK8&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=7" target="_blank">Clove Oil For A Toothache or Dental Abscess</a><br />An abscess is a fluid-filled cyst. Clove is anti-fungal (also good to treat candida in the mouth or on the tongue), anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. It numbs the area in the mouth where it's used so it helps with pain. You can either chew on a clove directly to release it's oil, or you can put 2 drops in one tsp of coconut oil. Keep either option in your mouth for 2 to 5 minutes. Chewing on some garlic has very similar results. </p><p>Supplements and Herbs<br /><a href="https://mountainroseherbs.com/oral-care-extract" target="_blank">Oral Care Extract</a> from Mountain Rose Herbs<br />
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.breathmd.com/homemade-mouthwash.php" target="_blank">Homemade Mouthwash</a><br />If toothpaste makes your mouth sore, brush with a solution
of 1 teaspoon (5 grams) of salt mixed with 4 cups (1 liter) of water. Pour a
small amount into a clean cup to dip your toothbrush into each time you brush.
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rinse your mouth 5 or 6 times a day
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<![endif]--></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-84023448939294611752023-01-06T15:13:00.029-08:002024-03-17T02:53:47.019-07:00Harm and Toxicity Concerns of the US Food Supply<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RwIWGkMxrE" target="_blank">How Corporations Are Ruining Your Health (Food Industry Documentary) | Real Stories</a></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<![endif]--><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImvX3avAlM4&list=WL&index=371" target="_blank">Confessions of a Big-food/Big-pharma Insider with Calley Means</a></span></p><p><b>Risks and Consequences of Factory Farming<br /></b><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/vital-signs/2015/jul/14/bird-flu-devastation-highlights-unsustainability-of-commercial-chicken-farming" target="_blank">Will the worst bird flu outbreak in US history finally make us reconsider factory farming chicken?</a></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIY7jxd7GAY" target="_blank">The Trouble with Chicken (full documentary) | FRONTLINE</a></p><p><b>Toxicity and Contamination Issues:<br /></b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9GTa3a-tFo&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=1 " target="_blank">The Hidden Chemicals Destroying American Farms</a> (episode of Vice News)<br />Follows
story of a family losing their family farm because of soil and animal
contamination with PFAS chemicals. The source of the contamination is
nearby industry who has no liability. The contamination has caused the
land to be declared permanently unfit for agricultural use. Some
contamination has also come from "free" fertilizer and animal feed that
farmers were assured was safe. It is clear that the surrounding farms
are also contaminated but not being tested and shut down. The meat from
livestock is contaminated and people have been eating it.</p><p><a href="https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/ntp/ohat/pfoa_pfos/pfoa_pfosmonograph_508.pdf" target="_blank">Immunotoxicity Associated with Exposure to Perfluorooctanoic Acid or Perfluorooctane Sulfonate</a></p><div>Extensive report of research regarding the health effects of PFAS "forever chemicals".<br /><a href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/pfas/resources/index.html" target="_blank">This page has more info about PFAS</a></div><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9d0AJydgDo" target="_blank">Seed oils are dangerous for our health</a><b><br /></b>The seed oils include soybean oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, and more. These oils only became a significant part of the western diet quite recently, during the last couple generations. These oils were actually promoted as "good for you" pretty recently, so there are many people who don't know that those claims are out-dated. It's not so much a case of the science changing as it about those recommendations having been made on unproven theory that has been shown to be false now that there is research on the subject. The rise and promotion of these oils in the western diet is largely a story of corruption and regulatory capture. The primary motivation behind the widespread use of seed oils is that they are so inexpensive. Profit, not health, is the reason.<br /></p><p>These oils are produced with complex industrial processes that include "de-odorization", which means that the oils are rancid but the part that gives off the rancid smell has been removed so you can't tell. It also means that the oils can contain significant amounts of often toxic industrial chemicals that are used in the refining process, including hexane. </p><p>Some of the harm done to our bodies by consuming seed oils includes dysregulation of our hormonal systems, but perhaps the main way is by promoting inflammation. Inflammation is a major factor in many chronic diseases and chronic pain so that affects a lot of people, including heart disease, diabetes, COPD and asthma, many autoimmune conditions, and it contributes to obesity. </p><p>In the US seed oils are added to so many things that they are very hard to avoid. While some products containing them are predictable- like salad dressings- many others, like packaged nuts, are not obvious. Take-out and restaurant food in the US is very often made using seed oils and it can be very challenging to find places to eat that don't use them. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtmIsg5nnxU&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=196" target="_blank">Rapeseed: BEWARE the Plant that Makes Jet Fuel. It’s not what you think.</a></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.thehabitsdoctor.com/blog/Arsenic-in-Rice" target="_blank">Arsenic In Rice - Is it a problem?</a>
<br />
Rice is often contaminated with inorganic arsenic (the more toxic form).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Found in baby rice cereal, rice milk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arsenic is a “group 1” carcinogen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This page has links to many studies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rice from Europe and US averages twice as
much arsenic as rice from Asia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cooking
rice with excess water and then draining it, the way we cook pasta, it reduces
the arsenic level as much as 50%.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aw16LPVnNco&list=WL&index=308" target="_blank">Chemical Farming & The Loss of Human Health - Dr. Zach Bush</a><br /></p><p><b>The Risks of Artificial and Chemical Additives<br /></b><a href="https://www.nrdc.org/resources/generally-recognized-secret-chemicals-added-food-united-states" target="_blank">Generally Recognized as Secret: Chemicals Added to Food in the United States<b><br /></b></a></p><p><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQZ9BPSS1_I&list=WL&index=381" target="_blank">HowUltra-Processed Food is Slowly Killing Us | ENDEVR Documentary</a></span></p><p><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ue0xQZ_thA4&list=WL&index=377" target="_blank">The TRUTH About MSG </a></span></p><p><a href="https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-find-link-between-artificial-sweeteners-and-heart-disease/" target="_blank">Researchers Find Link Between Artificial Sweeteners and Heart Disease</a><br /> "A potential direct association between higher artificial sweetener
consumption and increased cardiovascular disease risk, including heart
attack and stroke has been uncovered by a large study of French adults
published on September 7 by <i>The BMJ</i>."</p><p><b>Food Packaging</b><br /><a href="https://www.insider.com/toxic-chemicals-in-food-packaging-fuel-uterine-fibroid-tumor-growth-2022-11?fbclid=IwAR2-zdT0l5CS9n2MXYKN1MzQCVVNtaMeMR2O6iXWd21uVQvEkTA8HckBz_s" target="_blank">Toxic chemicals used in food packaging can cause fibroid tumors to grow, study finds</a><br />Phthalates are a type of synthetic chemical that is used to give plastic flexibility and is found in many plastic products, including food packaging. Phthalates can leach from the packaging into the food and it is believed that this is the most significant source of phthalate exposure in humans. Research has found that a number of health problems including diabetes and obesity are associated with phthalate exposure. "In the new study, Bulun's team exposed fibroid cells to different types
of phthalates, and they found exposure to DEHP can trigger this whole
fibroid-forming process. If a woman already has a few small fibroids, through exposure to phthalates over the years, these tumors grow," Bulun said." (DEHP refers to <a href="Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)" target="_blank">DEHP [di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate]</a> which is one type of phthalate found in food packaging). Specific research includes:</p><p><a href="https://roosclues.blogspot.com/2023/08/toxicity-from-plastics-and-endocrine.html" target="_blank">Click here </a>to see my post with more information on the endocrine-disrupting effects of phthalates and other plastic metabolites.</p><p><a href="https://toxicfreefuture.org/research/daikin-path-of-toxic-pollution/" target="_blank">Path of Toxic Pollution, an Investigative Report </a>(from the site Toxic-Free Future)<br />"This report traces the path of American PFAS in food packaging back to
one manufacturing company, Daikin America, which manufactures in
Decatur, Alabama. We found that in 2019, Daikin’s Decatur PFAS
manufacturing plants reported releasing 240,584 pounds of a potent
greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting chemical, HCFC-22."</p><p><a href="https://toxicfreefuture.org/research/packaged-in-pollution/" target="_blank">Packaged in Pollution</a> (from the site Toxic-Free Future)<br />"New testing indicates major fast-food chains are still serving up PFAS
(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) with some of their most popular
takeout foods, despite increasing consumer demand and legislative action
to phase out the use of toxic PFAS chemicals."</p><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323012538?eType=ActivityDefinitionInstance&eId=c359778e-12b8-4181-ab98-985073b5015a" target="_blank">Chronic exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics induces intestinal mechanical and immune barrier dysfunction in mice</a><br />"<span><span><span>Compared with the control group, oral ingested PS-NPs
entered the intestinal tissues of mice and upregulated expression levels
of the clathrin and caveolin. The intestinal tissue structure of mice
in the PS-NPs (1 and 10 mg·L</span></span></span><sup>−1</sup>) exposure
groups showed significant abnormalities, such as villus erosion,
decreased of crypts numbers and large infiltration of inflammatory
cells. Exposure to 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> PS-NPs decreased occludin
protein levels, but not claudin-1 and ZO-1 levels. The levels of these
three tight junction proteins decreased significantly in the 1 and
10 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> PS-NPs exposed groups. Exposure to PS-NPs led to a
significant time- and dose-dependent increase in ROS and MDA levels, and
concurrently decreased GSH-Px and SOD contents. Exposure to PS-NPs
increased the proportion of B cells in MLNs, and decreased the
proportion of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in IELs and LPLs. The levels of
pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were markedly elevated
after PS-NPs exposure. Long-term PS-NPs exposure impaired intestinal
mechanical and immune barrier, and indicate a potentially significant
threat to human health."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36922386/" target="_blank">Food Thermal Labels are a Source of Dietary Exposure to Bisphenol S and Other Color Developers</a><br />"This study provides evidence, for the first time, that BPS and
alternative thermal label color developers migrate from packaging
materials into food. Further, BPS migration significantly exceeded the
European Union Specific Migration Limit (50 ng/g ww), suggesting that
further risk assessment studies are warranted."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32092919/" target="_blank">Bisphenol S in Food Causes Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects Comparable to or Worse than Bisphenol A: A Literature Review</a><br />"In recent years, bisphenol analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS) have come
to replace bisphenol A in food packaging and food containers, since
bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to leach into food and water, causing
numerous negative health effects. Unfortunately, little or no research
was done to determine the safety of these BPA-free products before they
were marketed to the public as a healthier alternative. The latest
studies have shown that some of these bisphenol analogues may be even
more harmful than the original BPA in some situations. This article used
a literature survey to investigate the bisphenol analogue BPS and
compare it to BPA and other analogues with regards to increased obesity,
metabolic disorders, cancer, and reproductive defects; among others. It
was found that BPS works via different pathways than does BPA while
causing equivalent obesogenic effects, such as activating preadipocytes,
and that BPS was correlated with metabolic disorders, such as
gestational diabetes, that BPA was not correlated with. BPS was also
shown to be more toxic to the reproductive system than BPA and was shown
to hormonally promote certain breast cancers at the same rate as BPA.
Therefore, a strong argument may be made to regulate BPS in exactly the
same manner as BPA.
"<br /><br /><a href="https://toxicfreefuture.org/research/take-out-toxics-pfas-chemicals-in-food-packaging/" target="_blank">Take Out Toxics: PFAS Chemicals in Food Packaging</a> looks at the extent to which five of the nation’s largest grocery store chains are using and selling PFAS-containing food packaging, including containers, wrappers, and other food packages. "The study tested packaging from top grocery chains Ahold Delhaize
(parent of Food Lion, Stop and Shop, and Hannaford); Albertsons; Kroger;
Trader Joe’s; and Whole Foods Market (Amazon)."</p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><b>Political and Economic Concerns, Corruption:</b><a href="https://uconnruddcenter.org/research-archive/targeted-marketing-report-2022/" target="_blank"><br />Targeted Food and Beverage Advertising to Black and Hispanic Consumers: 2022 Update</a><br />"U.S. food companies disproportionately target Black and Hispanic consumers with marketing for high-calorie, low-nutrient products including candy, sugary drinks, snacks, and fast food. The more than one billion spent on this targeted marketing exacerbates inequities in poor diet and diet-related diseases in communities of color, including heart disease, obesity, and diabetes."</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iEmBQGkRPrs&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=24" target="_blank">END FDA CORRUPTION: Behind Obesity Crisis </a><br />Food corporations in the US, sometimes referred to as "big food", have a high level of influence and direct control even of the policies of the FDA and CDC (not to mention many of the national organizations of many medical specialties and dieticians). Some of these policies and claims are flat-out ridiculous, such as the promotion of a study that "found" Lucky Charms cereal to be more nutritious than ground beef, but many of the policies and claims are less clearly false. The influence of Big Food is having a catastrophic effect on the health of Americans while bringing in profits for the corporations. This is resulting in some dangerous outcomes including an increasing reliance on medication and surgery to treat obesity in children, and promoting the idea that obesity is not about lifestyle choices around food and exercise, but rather is genetic and therefore beyond the ability of individuals to influence with behavioral changes.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPbBLYtOF5M&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=111" target="_blank">Big Food Shill CAUGHT Using Woke Language To Push Fake Kids Nutrition Info</a><br />The LA School District put out an "educational video" claiming that from a nutrition standpoint, all food is perfectly acceptable, and pushes the idea that having a dozen donuts for lunch is just as healthy a lunch as anything else, and further that any criticism or judgment saying that it's not healthy is unscientific, indefensible moral judgyness. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeQIBde5_4I" target="_blank">The American Beef Industry is Corrupt and Rigged</a> (The Classroom from More Perfect Union)<br />The large corporate players in the beef industry claim that the price for beef is simply set by the market, and there is no market manipulation. Independent beef ranchers are in financial crisis, however, and this points to serious problems in the industry. This year, 2023, over 14,000 cattle ranchers need to sell their farms and herds to avoid bankruptcy. The US has lost 44% of family farms since the 1980s. In the cattle industry there are several stages where the cattle are bought and sold. In the past there was more competition among buyers, which meant the price for cattle would be built up, but there has been consolidation in the industry which means less competition in buying cattle and lower prices for the ranchers. Farmers are getting less and less of the revenue from beef sold at the store. In 1970, ranchers received 60% of the selling price of beef, but now in 2023 they only get 39%. Today, in 2023, only 4 companies control 85% of the beef market. This level of consolidation gives them far too much control of the market and therefor has stifled competition. These large meat packers don't participate in the market at all, rather they sign what are called "alternative marketing agreements" with the feed lots directly which now account for 73% of sales. This drives down the prices for cattle who are sold at the market. The feed lots have also consolidated worsening the problem. </p><p>The increased prices paid by consumers don't reflect increased production costs, which would include profits to the ranchers, but instead that money is going to investors. The cattle and beef industry was in a similar state about 100 years ago in terms of consolidation and other forms of market interference. This resulted in the Packers and Stockyards Act of 1921 which restricted the meat packing plants from sabotaging competition in the beef and cattle market. Deregulation mostly beginning in the 1980s undid the antitrust restrictions and the largest meat packing firms went from controlling 25% of the market to controlling 85% of the market. Consolidation and collusion result in prices being set by the buyers giving the ranchers no real options. This level of consolidation in the market makes the market "fragile", meaning that shocks to the system such as regulations at the beginning of the pandemic result in major effects for the consumer market such as shortages or very high prices. The more competition there is in the market the more the market can absorb shocks and work around them. This can also be described as a brittle supply chain. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3B6oy1nz4A" target="_blank">How Consolidation in the American Food Industry Harms Consumers</a><br /> Cargil, which is now the most dominant player in the US food industry, began in 1865 with a single grain storage warehouse. Cargil expanded by buying up more grain storage facilities and other infrastructure, not the actual production of anything. Cargil merged with McMillan, another company that owned grain storage warehouses, through the marriage of their children. Cargil McMillan grew to dominate grain storage and distribution nationwide. They expanded into sales of seed and farm equipment, as well equipment and supplies for mills, bakeries, and delis and grocery stores. They came to own the transportation infrastructure needed. </p><p>In 1924 they purchased a wire-based communication system which gave them a strong advantage over competitors. They entered the commodity futures markets which is a way of buying and selling the rights to purchase commodities in the future based on projected market conditions. The commodities futures market is the only market that allows companies to use information from inside sources not known to others, which is essentially legalized insider trading. Their extreme degree of market consolidation allowed them this advantage in the markets and allowed them to profit from the dust bowl and the Great Depression. The Dust Bowl was caused in large part by the expansion of modern agriculture practices into the prairie lands too quickly with devastating results on the land and ecosystems, something Cargil contributed to significantly. They also had a hand in the Great Depression which was caused in part by speculation, something they were also deeply involved in. </p><p>Cargil McMillan's involvement in both of these things, as well as increasing "insider trading" led to an attempt to regulate the company and limit it's scope. The company successfully blamed their own price gouging on the labor movement, saying that it was the demands of workers to receive a decent wage and safer working conditions that had driven prices up so high- not them. They were able to shift the focus of policy onto the workers rather than themselves. The Cargil empire continued to expand in other industries and came to be one of the dominant corporation in the meat industry. 88% of the company is now still owned by the Cargil McMillan family and more than 10 members of this family are billionaires themselves. Cargil McMillan has argued that only very large companies with the high degree of vertical integration that they have (which means owning the different steps of the process of production and distribution) can keep costs down. While this is true- they do keep their costs down- this savings is NOT passed along to the consumer, because they have enough control of the industry to raise prices for consumers, giving themselves more and more profits. The Cargil McMillan company is large enough that it has a lot of influence and control over government regulation and enforcement and uses this control to hoard wealth that harms the workers, farmers and ranchers, and consumers.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYfIXLkoB68" target="_blank">The world's biggest meat company is built on corruption and it's growing in Australia | Four Corners</a></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-8xTVMtkqv4&list=WL&index=376" target="_blank">How Americans Are Tricked Into Buying Fake Food</a><br /></p><p></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfpNzJ5HrdU" target="_blank">Milk: The White Lie We've All Been Sold</a></p><p><a href="https://www.greenamerica.org/blog/put-down-big-name-chocolate-bar-grab-one-these-instead?utm_source=advocacy&utm_medium=email&eType=EmailBlastContent&eId=3d42da51-6a5b-4b96-bb3b-05962d1db894" target="_blank">Put Down That Big-Name Chocolate - Grab These Fair Trade Chocolate Bars Instead!</a><br /><br /></p><h4><a href="https://uconnruddcenter.org/research-archive/targeted-marketing-report-2022/" target="_blank"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></a></h4>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-91375617756979318752022-11-16T04:32:00.003-08:002022-12-09T19:23:22.343-08:00Insulin and Blood Sugar<p>Insulin is a hormone produced in the body as part of metabolism. Most people know it as the thing that the body needs in order to move sugar from the bloodstream into cells so that it can be burned for energy. Insulin also converts a lot of carbohydrates into fat that is then stored for later. High insulin levels keep the body from burning fat, which makes it very hard to lose weight. Insulin is also responsible for moving other nutrients into cells as well, including proteins and salt. Consumption of sugars and simple carbohydrates raises insulin levels the most, consumption of protein raises the levels less, and fat consumption results in the lowest release of insulin. <br /></p><p>Glucose is quite toxic to the body so the body works hard to maintain the levels of glucose in the bloodstream to stay within certain limits by releasing insulin. As blood glucose levels rise the body has to release increasingly higher amounts of insulin to maintain these limits, but elevated levels of insulin are also problematic. Symptoms of high insulin include high blood pressure, belly fat, fatigue, high cholesterol, poor memory and focus as well as other cognitive deficits, mood swings and depression, frequently hungry, and craving carbs. </p><p>High insulin or high blood sugar can be a contributing factor, or even a cause, for so many symptoms and disorders. These include- difficulty losing weight, mood problems including depression, tinnitus, </p><p>Insulin resistance is when the cells become less sensitive to insulin such that the body releases more and more insulin to try to get sugar and nutrients from the bloodstream into the cells where they can be used. Most people who have it don't know that they do. It is the precursor to Type 2 Diabetes. </p><p>Tests that can detect insulin resistance and diabetes include:<br /> <b>Fasting Blood Glucose</b> levels (levels above 126 mg/dl are indicative of diabetes, levels ranging from 100 to 126 indicate impaired glucose functioning, and levels below 100 are considered normal). This test is more helpful in diagnosing diabetes and can be within the normal range for people with insulin resistance, it can be helpful and is easy to do. <br /><b>Oral Glucose Tolerance Test</b> in which the patient drinks a substance containing glucose, and the blood glucose level is measured 2 hours later. Levels above 200 mg/dl indicate diabetes, levels between 140 and 200 are considered impaired glucose functioning, and levels below 140 mg/dl are healthy. <br /><b>HbA1c</b> (glycated hemoglobin). This test measures how much glucose is bound to red blood cells and is a more reliable measure of glucose metabolism, as it measures blood glucose levels over several months rather than the tests listed above which give a one-time "spot" measurement. This number tends to slowly increase with age as people gain weight, exercise less, etc. Results between 5 and 5.7 are good, while 5.7 to 6.4 indicates pre-diabetes and above 6.5 indicates diabetes. <br /><b>HOMA-IR</b> stands for Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance and measures how hard the body is working to maintain it's glucose levels. Fasting glucose levels and fasting insulin levels are used to calculate the result by multiplying the two numbers and then dividing by 405. There are online calculators that can help with this. Results closest to 1 are best, indicating insulin sensitivity, while results above 3 indicate diabetes. </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-M0APnIpie4" target="_blank">Millions don’t know they have INSULIN RESISTANCE: How to test for it</a> (Dr Suneel Dhand, MD)<br />Are artificial sweeteners a better alternative to sugar? Aspartame, succrolose, stevia, monkfruit, erythrotol, saccharin, still causes dopamine response in brain, cephalic base insulin response (anticipation of sweet). Sucralose in many things including medicines and has high impact on blood sugar. Also </p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40ZA0brHmMg&list=WL&index=11" target="_blank">Hidden Danger in Fruit & Honey [ A1c Misses Fructose Damage ] 2022</a><br />Glycation is the process by which a sugar molecule (monosaccharide) sticks to either a protein or a lipid without the involvement of enzymes. This interferes with the proper functioning of our tissues and cells. Glycosaltion is a related process in which sugar molecules are attached to lipids and proteins by enzymes, using ATP, in a specific way that is beneficial. Glycation occurs when blood sugar levels are high. </p><p>Advanced Glycation End Products are molecules that result from glycation and which are currently thought to be significant causes or contributors to the aging process and in tissue, cellular, and organ dysfunction. Low levels of glycation are normal and healthy, it's when levels rise that glycation causes damage. The three basic types of monosaccharides are glucose, fructose, and galactose. A sucrose molecule contains one glucose and one fructose. Lactose is made of one glucose and one galactose. </p><p>The HbA1c is a fairly common blood test used to measure the amount of glycation on red blood cells, but this test only measures glycation from glucose, NOT from fructose or galactose. This is especially important because both fructose and galactose are 7 to 10 times more "glycating" then glucose. Also, the HbA1c test only looks for glucose attached to either of two amino acids- valine or lysine. This means it also misses glycation of lipids. Currently there is no test that can detect fructose glycation. </p><p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0009912008000192" target="_blank">Direct enzymatic assay for %HbA1c in human whole blood samples</a><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40ZA0brHmMg" target="_blank">Galactose-Induced Skin Aging: The Role of Oxidative Stress<br /></a><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168827808001645" target="_blank">Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</a><br /><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/labinvest201062" target="_blank">Immunological detection of fructose-derived advanced glycation end-products<br /></a><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27194405/" target="_blank">Fructose, but not glucose, impairs insulin signaling in the three major insulin-sensitive tissues</a><br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5227984/" target="_blank">Formation of Fructose-Mediated Advanced Glycation End Products and Their Roles in Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases<br /></a><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4955935/" target="_blank">Role of Glycated Proteins in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes: Research Gaps and Future Directions</a><br /><a href="https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/128/9/1442/4722474?login=false" target="_blank">Long-Term Fructose Consumption Accelerates Glycation and Several Age-Related Variables in Male Rats</a><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19403641/" target="_blank">Fructose overconsumption causes dyslipidemia and ectopic lipid deposition in healthy subjects with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes</a><br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2673878/" target="_blank">Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese humans</a><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28273805/" target="_blank">Fructose and NAFLD: The Multifaceted Aspects of Fructose Metabolism</a><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23280226/" target="_blank">Effects of fructose vs glucose on regional cerebral blood flow in brain regions involved with appetite and reward pathways<br /></a><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35710164/" target="_blank">The effect of a fruit-rich diet on liver biomarkers, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial</a><br /><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18703413/" target="_blank">Fructose-induced leptin resistance exacerbates weight gain in response to subsequent high-fat feeding</a><br /><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0899900718311729" target="_blank">Raw orange intake is associated with higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an adult population</a><br /><br /></p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3513615/" target="_blank">Triglyceride kinetics: effects of dietary glucose, sucrose, or fructose alone or with hyperinsulinemia</a><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-7872848223227265932022-08-28T23:24:00.004-07:002023-01-18T02:01:03.644-08:00A Comment on Pandemic Policies in the US<p>I feel compelled to say something about pandemic policies. There are lines starting to be crossed in the process of blaming and scapegoating people that can never be uncrossed, with policy implications that it seems that most people haven’t thought of. Talk of denying medical care for people who are not fully vaccinated (a diverse group of people being wildly misrepresented as all MAGA-types because it’s so useful politically) is a cheap and easy way to channel all that built up anger and frustration away from the extremely complicated reality of how we got to where we are in this disaster of a pandemic response. I wonder how many people have thought about which group will be voted off the island next? Smokers? People with diabetes? People whose FitBits show they haven’t been exercising as much as they’re “supposed to”?</p><div><div dir="auto"><div class="d2hqwtrz r227ecj6 gt60zsk1 o9wcebwi" data-ad-comet-preview="message" data-ad-preview="message" id="jsc_c_14n"><div class="alzwoclg cqf1kptm siwo0mpr gu5uzgus"><div class="jroqu855 nthtkgg5"><span class="gvxzyvdx aeinzg81 t7p7dqev gh25dzvf exr7barw b6ax4al1 gem102v4 ncib64c9 mrvwc6qr sx8pxkcf f597kf1v cpcgwwas m2nijcs8 hxfwr5lz k1z55t6l oog5qr5w tes86rjd pbevjfx6 ztn2w49o" dir="auto"><div class="m8h3af8h l7ghb35v kjdc1dyq kmwttqpk gh25dzvf n3t5jt4f"><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">Of course we’re all desperate for this pandemic to just be over and this makes it almost irresistible to grab on to one or the other side of what is essentially a “back and forth” tennis match of two simplistic narratives here in the US. But not only are neither of these narratives based on the actual evidence and science, they are both contributing to a degree of censorship of that evidence and science that is beyond what even cynical me thought was possible in the US. The last thing I want to be is yet another person telling you what to believe. I wish more people would look past the PR releases that pass for news these days because outside of this mainstream media bubble is where the real conversations and scientific work is being done. I know I’m a geek but it’s incredible how much people have learned about COVID and how to prevent it and treat it, even in some very limiting circumstances. It’s also really sad to me how much of this is kept from the general public here and replaced by a “did too!”, “did not!” rhetoric. It could have changed a lot of things. I wish I could summarize some of the highlights but there is simply so much that I wouldn’t know where to start. </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">I’m not posting links to sources because 1) I don’t have time, and 2) it’s not that simple, but here are a few points to consider- If it digs its heels into a narrative at the start and censors any evidence that doesn’t support that narrative, it’s not science. If it demands that you unquestioningly accept its assertions on faith while refusing to produce the evidence, that’s not science. If a person who fails to unwaveringly uphold the orthodox view is shunned as a heretic, that’s not science. That’s a belief-based system and the first belief is that it’s an evidence-based system. </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;">And as for those lines that can’t be uncrossed- celebrating the deaths of people from a disease, or making death threats against them, or proposing that they be denied medical care or have to pay for their own medical care (which, let’s face it, in the US is basically a death threat) because they think differently than you do destroys the very society that we are supposedly trying to save. They’re not “rights” if you only have them when it’s convenient to the people in power. There is an ethic in conventional medicine to treat everyone, including enemy combatants, terrorists, pedophiles, mass shooters. So if you’re fine with all that but WHOA we gotta draw the line at not fully vaccinated people…please stop for a minute and ask yourself if you are certain that you know exactly whose bidding you are doing. Who are you allowing to tell you who to hate? I’m reminded of the quote that goes something like “when fighting monsters, be careful not to become one yourself”. And another saying- “the problem with seeing both sides of an issue is that then you miss all the other sides.”</div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]-->They’re not “rights” if you only have them when it’s
convenient to those in power.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More
wealth is at stake now then there has ever been before in human history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those who are controlling the public
discourse and policy have a long history of willingness to sacrifice large
parts of the population for their own financial gain with no concern for the
suffering they cause.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The road to hell
is paved with good intentions…. Good intentions don’t ward off unintended
consequences.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> <br /></div><div dir="auto" style="text-align: start;"><br /><span class="fxk3tzhb b2rh1bv3 gh55jysx m8h3af8h ewco64xe kjdc1dyq ms56khn7 bq6c9xl4 eohcrkr5 akh3l2rg"></span></div></div></span></div></div></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-77119701616903176672022-07-13T23:06:00.002-07:002022-07-13T23:06:48.792-07:00Herpes Viruses in the Brain and Nervous System<p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8936355" target="_blank">Cognitive and psychiatric impairment in herpes simplex virus encephalitis suggest involvement of the amygdalo-frontal pathways</a><br />"The long-term neuropsychological and psychiatric sequelae of herpes
simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) and their relationship to the volume
of temporal lesions and to amygdala and hippocampus damage remain
undefined. We have conducted a prospective study of long-term sequelae
in 11 patients with clinically presumed HSVE and detection of HSV DNA in
the cerebrospinal fluid by polymerase chain reaction. Long-term memory
disorders were seen in 6 patients, associated with the larger lesions
and damage of at least two structures. Long-term behavioural changes
with emotionalism, irritability, anxiety or depression were prominent in
7. Left prefrontal hypoperfusion appeared in 8 patients, associated
with psychiatric disorders in 7 and left amygdala damage in 6. The
reduction of amygdala and hippocampus volume was correlated with the
overall volume of lesions. Different patterns of mesial temporal lobe
damage occurred, involving either amygdala alone, or amygdala and
hippocampus, but never hippocampus alone. MRI volumetric measurements in
HSVE could be a good indicator of long-term prognosis. Persistant
behavioural changes could be related to an amygdala and frontal
dysfunction."<br />
<br />
<a href="https://patient.info/doctor/kluver-bucy-syndrome" target="_blank">Kluver-Bucy Syndrome</a> is a brain disorder that can occur following a case of Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis (HSVE). "The syndrome in humans is due to bilateral destruction of the amygdaloid
body and inferior temporal cortex, most commonly due to herpes simplex
encephalitis (HSE). It shares visual agnosia and loss of normal fear and
anger responses in common with the monkey model but one also sees loss
of memory with dementia, distractability and seizures. The
hypersexuality tends to be less overt than in the monkeys but may be
public and unacceptable." While the full disorder is rare in humans, apparently partial forms are much more common. This becomes more relevant when you keep in mind that many human syndromes occur on a very wide scale, so some individuals can have only shadows of the symptoms that are subclinical or only have a few symptoms rather than all of them. <br /></p><p><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-38114250476527471872022-07-08T09:10:00.010-07:002023-03-01T19:44:47.279-08:00Keto Recipes and Food Ideas<p><b>Basic Foods- </b>avocado, bacon, beef salami, sauerkraut, pickles, artichoke hearts<br /><b></b></p><p><b>Basic Eggs</b>- scrambled, fried, <a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1020468-perfect-boiled-eggs?smid=pin-share" target="_blank">soft boiled</a>, poached, <a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1019243-a-perfect-hard-boiled-egg" target="_blank">hard boiled</a>, baked/coddled.<br /></p><p><b>Egg Dishes</b><br /><a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1019606-bombay-frittata" target="_blank">Bombay Frittata</a> (may need to modify cheese/dairy part)<br /><a href="https://damndelicious.net/2013/11/11/italian-baked-eggs/" target="_blank">Italian Baked Eggs</a><br /><a href="https://hot-thai-kitchen.com/marble-eggs-prik-nam-pla/" target="_blank">Thai Marbled Eggs</a> (omit rice and sugar)<br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjGfkbfVGw8" target="_blank">Tiger Eggs</a><br />Scotch Eggs</p><p><b>Frittata Variations</b><br />Asparagus, artichoke hearts, arugula, chard, bell peppers, broccoli, onions, leeks<br />Chives, cilantro, dill, parsley, basil, mint, garlic<br />Bacon, sausage, smoked salmon, salami<br />Cheese, capers<br /></p><p><b>Snacks and "Fat Bombs" </b><br /><a href="https://nomnompaleo.com/post/25437941473/porkitos-aka-crispy-prosciutto-chips" target="_blank">Crispy Prosciutto Chips</a><br /><a href="https://nomnompaleo.com/chicken-cracklings" target="_blank">Chicken Cracklins</a><br /><a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/46091596171057076/" target="_blank">Chinese tea eggs</a><br />Deviled Eggs<br />Egg Salad<br />Jerky (beef, beef heart, salmon)<br />Bacon Beef Liver Pate<br />Smoked salmon, other fish, oysters, clams<br /></p><p><b>Green Salad Variations</b><br />Lettuce, arugula, watercress, other greens<br />Fresh herbs including basil, dill, parsley, cilantro, mint<br />Carrots, radishes, bell peppers, beets, red onions<br />Olive oil, avocado oil, coconut oil, pumpkin seed oil, grapeseed oil, sesame oil, bacon fat<br />Apple cider vinegar, balsamic vinegar, red wine vinegar, pickle brine<br />Lemon juice, lime juice, tart cherry juice, pomegranate juice<br />Pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds, sprouts, tomato, avocado, celery, green onions<br />Fresh ginger, fresh turmeric, garlic<br /></p><p><b>Salads and Vegetable Dishes</b><br /><a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1013180-salade-lyonnaise?smid=pin-share" target="_blank">Salade Lyonnaise</a> (salad with poached egg on top)<br />Chef's Salad<br /><a href="https://ohsnapletseat.com/2018/04/15/chinese-watercress-with-garlic-stir-fry/" target="_blank">Chinese Watercress With Garlic Stir Fry</a><br />Coleslaw ( mayo style, Indian style, Asian style)<br />Artichokes with Garlic Aoli<br />Caprese Salad (sub avocado for fresh mozzarella)<br /><br /><b>Sauces and Condiments</b><br />Crispy Garlic<br />Mayonnaise<br />Balsamic Vinaigrette<br />Pesto (nut free)<br />Guacamole<br />Fresh Salsa<br />Salsa Verde<br />Sesame Sauce<br /><br /><b>Meat and Main Dishes</b><a href="https://thewoksoflife.com/cantonese-beef-rice-bowls/" target="_blank"><br />Cantonese Ground Beef</a> (skip the cornstarch and rice, modify sauces as needed)<br /><a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1016919-grilled-or-oven-roasted-santa-maria-tri-tip?campaign_id=58&emc=edit_ck_20220708&instance_id=66104&nl=cooking&regi_id=64809050&segment_id=97951&te=1&user_id=6d525b955c6913f3306306a5c098e20c" target="_blank">Grilled or Oven-Roasted Santa Maria</a> Tri-Tip (beef)<br /><a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1020703-fish-larb?smid=pin-share" target="_blank">Fish Larb</a> (omit rice and sugar)<br />Herby Pork Larb<br /><a href="https://mealsbymavis.com/kai-sega-wat-spicy-ethiopian-beef-stew/" target="_blank">Kai Sega Wat </a>(Spicy Ethiopian Beef Stew)<br />Shredded Beef (taco style, korean barbecue style)<br />Sesame Chicken<br />Greek Lamb Shanks<br />Lamb Chops with Rosemary<br /><a href="https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1023300-grilled-gochujang-pork-with-fresh-sesame-kimchi?campaign_id=58&emc=edit_ck_20220708&instance_id=66104&nl=cooking&regi_id=64809050&segment_id=97951&te=1&user_id=6d525b955c6913f3306306a5c098e20c" target="_blank">Grilled Gochujang Pork With Fresh Sesame Kimchi</a><br />Vietnamese Slow Cooker Pork<br />Pulled Pork<br />Thai Pepper Pork<br />Pork Chops (grilled, dry rub, cast iron)<br />Pork Breakfast Sausage Patties<br />Kielbasa<br />Ham hocks with collards<br />Steamed Clams or Mussels<br />Seared Scallops<br />Baked Salmon (with dill, lemon, curry sauce)<br /><br /><b>Common Keto pizza crust recipe (uses dairy)</b><br />2 cups grated cauliflower<br />2 cups shredded mozzarella cheese <br />2 eggs <br />optional herbs- oregano, basil, thyme, garlic/garlic powder, nutritional yeast<br /><br />Blend in food processor, spread on silicone baking mat.<br />Bake at 450 degrees for 15 minutes, then top with sauce, cheese, and toppings, and bake until cheese is melted.<br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-86307900440908040392022-06-26T03:02:00.018-07:002023-08-31T14:51:43.812-07:00Pharma Meds for Allergy, Asthma, and Mast Cell DIsease<p><b>Anticholinergic Medications:<br /></b><a href="https://www.goodrx.com/conditions/allergies/youre-probably-taking-the-wrong-allergy-medication" target="_blank">What’s the Best Allergy Medication? Comparing Allegra, Benadryl, Claritin, and Zyrtec</a><br />This page compares many classes of medications including first and second generation antihistamines, nasal steroids, and decongestants.<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555893/" target="_blank">Info page on NIH site</a>, discusses mode of action, names and indications of each drug.<br /><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic" target="_blank">Anticholinergics</a> "(anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh) at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. These agents inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system by selectively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptor in nerve cells. The nerve fibers of the parasympathetic system are responsible for the involuntary movement of smooth muscles present in the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, lungs, sweat glands, and many other parts of the body."<br />
<a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/health-30988643" target="_blank">Dementia 'linked' to common over-the-counter drugs</a><br />All medicines can have side-effects and anticholinergic-type drugs that
block a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine are no exception. <br /><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358759/" target="_blank">Cumulative Use of Strong Anticholinergic Medications and Incident Dementia</a><br />"Higher cumulative anticholinergic medication use is associated with an
increased risk for dementia. Efforts to increase awareness among health
professionals and older adults about this potential medication-related
risk are important to minimize anticholinergic use over time."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37160401/" target="_blank">Oral anticholinergic drugs versus placebo or no treatment for managing overactive bladder syndrome in adults</a> <br />"The use of anticholinergic drugs by people with overactive bladder
syndrome results in important but modest improvements in symptoms
compared with placebo treatment."<br /><br />
<b>Antihistamines:</b><br />
There are 4 types of histamine receptors on cells, named H1 through H4, each one is involved in different types of reactions and autoimmune conditions. H1 receptors are associated with most of the "normal" allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, runny nose, watery eyes, and anaphylaxis. Nearly all meds that are thought of as antihistamines block the H1 receptor, including OTC and prescription allergy meds. H2 receptors are located in the stomach, where they are involved in the release of stomach acid, so some medications to treat GERD and heartburn (such as Pepcid and <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tagamet) are H2 blockers. H2 blockers are also located in heart tissue and some </span></span></p><p><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01873/full " target="_blank">The Role of Histamine and Histamine Receptors in Mast Cell-Mediated Allergy and Inflammation: The Hunt for New Therapeutic Targets</a><br />"</span></span></span>Histamine and its receptors (H1R–H4R) play a crucial and significant
role in the development of various allergic diseases. Mast cells are
multifunctional bone marrow-derived tissue-dwelling cells that are the
major producer of histamine in the body. H1R are expressed in many
cells, including mast cells, and are involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity
reactions. H2R are involved in Th1 lymphocyte cytokine production. H3R
are mainly involved in blood–brain barrier function. H4R are highly
expressed on mast cells where their stimulation exacerbates histamine
and cytokine generation. Both H1R and H4R have important roles in the
progression and modulation of histamine-mediated allergic diseases.
Antihistamines that target H1R alone are not entirely effective in the
treatment of acute pruritus, atopic dermatitis, allergic asthma, and
other allergic diseases. However, antagonists that target H4R have shown
promising effects in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment
of several allergic diseases."</p><p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12517581/" target="_blank">Comparative pharmacology of H1 antihistamines: clinical relevance</a></p><p><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span><span style="background-color: white;"><b>Epinephrine</b> (Adrenaline) is both a hormone and neurotransmitter (catecholamine) that is used in the form of EpiPens and other autoinjectors to treat the acute allergic reaction of anaphylaxis. It opens airways in the respiratory system.</span></span></span><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
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<![endif]--></p><p><b>H1 BLOCKERS:</b><br /><b>Allegra</b> (fexofenadine)<br />
<b>Benadryl</b> (Diphenhydramine)<br /><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/how-i-almost-killed-my-mom-with-a-simple-anti-itch-pill/2017/05/05/63359b74-1496-11e7-ada0-1489b735b3a3_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.41f031481a73" target="_blank">How I almost killed my mom with a simple anti-itch pill</a><span style="font-family: inherit;"><b> <br />Brompheniramine</b>- serotonergic (led to discovery of SSRIs)</span><b><br />Cetirizine </b>(Zyrtec)<b><br />Chlorphenamine</b>- serotonergic<span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 14px;">. A large study on people 65 years old or older linked the development of </span>Alzheimer's disease<span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 14px;"> and other forms of dementia to the use of chlorphenamine and other first-generation antihistamines, due to their </span>anticholinergic<span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 14px;"> properties.<br /></span><b>Claritin</b><b><br /></b><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1517/13543784.10.3.547?src=recsys" target="_blank">Pharmacology and clinical efficacy of desloratadine as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drug</a><b><br />"</b>Desloratadine is a biologically active metabolite of the
second-generation antihistamine loratadine. Desloratadine is a highly
selective peripheral H<sub>1</sub> receptor antagonist that is
significantly more potent than loratadine. Results of in vitro and in
vivo studies have suggested that desloratadine has anti-allergic effects
that are unrelated to its ability to antagonise the effects of
histamine. Desloratadine inhibits the expression of cell adhesion
molecules, inhibits the generation and release of inflammatory mediators
and cytokines, attenuates eosinophil chemotaxis, adhesion and
superoxide generation. Studies in animals indicate that desloratadine
does not cross the blood-brain barrier and therefore does not cause
sedation and does not impair cognition or psychomotor performance.
Desloratadine has an excellent overall safety profile. It has no effect
on QRS and QT<sub>c</sub> intervals and does not cause arrhythmias.
Desloratadine is not associated with any significant changes in
gastrointestinal function. In clinical studies, oral desloratadine is
rapidly absorbed and bioavailability is not affected by ingestion with
food or grapefruit juice. The half-life of desloratadine in humans is 27
h; the linear kinetic profile is unaltered by race or gender.
Desloratadine is not a substrate for P-glycoprotein or organic anion
transport polypeptide and the drug does not appear to be metabolised to a
significant extent by the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 pathway. It therefore
may be safely administered with ketoconazole, erythromycin, fluoxetine,
or azithromycin. Clinically, desloratadine effectively controls both
nasal and non-nasal symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR),
including nasal congestion. Desloratadine also provides significant
relief of SAR symptoms in patients with co-existing asthma and is
effective in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
Desloratadine improves quality of life and is well-tolerated."<br /><b>Chlortrimaton</b><b><br /></b><b><b>Cyproheptadine</b> </b>(Periactin) is an antihistamine that is used mostly to treat hay fever and itching, but can also be used to treat
serotonin toxicity and is used to increase appetite in some people. It has many other off-label uses including prevention of migraine headaches, treatment of PTSD, akathisia, and insomnia.<br /><b>Doxepin</b> is a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat anxiety and depression, and it "also displays antagonistic properties in the central nervous system by blocking the following receptors: histamine (H1), alpha-1 adrenergic, and muscarinic. It also inhibits sodium and potassium channels in cardiomyocytes. Doxepin has H1 and H2 histamine receptor blocking actions, which explains the antipruritic effect of doxepin."<br /><b>Xyzal</b> (levocetirizine)<a href="https://www.medicinenet.com/seldane_removed/views.htm"><br />Seldane Removed From U.S. Market Over Safety Concerns</a><br />"In January of 1997, the FDA
recommended that the terfenadine-containing drugs be removed from the
market and that physicians
consider alternative medications for their patients. The reason for
concern is the existence of
potentially severe drug interactions with SELDANE. The interactions
result in abnormalities of the
electrical impulse that stimulates the heart to contract and pump
blood, and the interactions could
be life threatening." </p><p><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0284186X.2020.1769185?src=recsys" target="_blank">Desloratadine and loratadine stand out among common H1-antihistamines for association with improved breast cancer survival</a><br /> "We investigated use of the six major H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines
(cetirizine, clemastine, desloratadine, ebastine, fexofenadine and
loratadine) and breast cancer-specific and overall mortality in a
nation-wide register-based study of all 61,627 Swedish women diagnosed
with breast cancer 2006–2013... We found a consistently improved survival of desloratadine users (HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.55–0.81, <i>p</i> < .001), as well as of loratadine users (HR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.95, <i>p</i> = .012), relative to nonusers... Based on their safety and current use within the patient population,
together with our observations, we suggest the initiation of trials of
desloratadine and loratadine as treatment of breast cancer as well as
studies of the mechanism behind their possible effect. Further studies
on any effects of other H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamines may also be merited, as well as of H<sub>1</sub>-antihistamine use and survival in other malignancies."</p><div><div><b>H2 BLOCKERS:<br /></b>H2 receptors are found on parietal cells located in the stomach lining, and are mainly responsible for regulating the levels of gastric acid. <br /></div>
<div>
<b>Cimetidine </b>(Tagamet) <br /><b>Famotidine </b>(Pepcid)<br /><br /></div><b>ASTHMA meds:</b><br /><div>
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B071RRHJBV/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_i_hzryCbC4QZ7KF?fbclid=IwAR3ErkI_qrbNXcXho50tb3EH_k5ylIADk9RtpwGu0BmdVe_sLlgFzELfPco" target="_blank">Asthmanefrin</a> (epinephrine for nebulizing which is available OTC)<o:p></o:p>
<br />Albuterol/ventolin<br />
Xopenex (levalbuterol hydrochloride)</div><div> </div><div><b>MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES<span> </span> ( -mab drugs) </b><br /></div><div></div><div></div><div></div><div><a href="https://www.fasenra.com/eosinophilic-asthma-treatment.html?source=ben_c_c_4509&umedium=cpc&uadpub=GOOGLE&ucampaign=71700000056017775&ucreative=58700005254738328&uplace=p46482202423&outcome=name&cmpid=1&gclid=Cj0KCQiA2af-BRDzARIsAIVQUOevSBG3DjIfhYDtkIS90jIPlh8tUWQvNjxRhQLggLUb8eHu-xnmuMIaAlkrEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds">Fasenra</a> (Benralizumab) <br /></div><div><a href="https://www.xolair.com/?cid=xol_PS_MIXLCUWB0056_11&c=MIXLCUWB0056">Xolair</a> (Omalizumab)<br />
<br />
<b>MAST CELL STABILIZERS:</b><br />
Cromolyn Sodium (Gastrocrom)<br />
Ketotifen (Alaway, Zaditor)<br />
Dupixent is an interleukin-4 receptor alpha antagonist and interleukins are another type of mediator released from mast cells<br />
Dipulimab interleukin 4 inhibitor<br />
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "times" , serif;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><br /></span></span></span>
<b>EOSINOPHILIC MEDS</b><br /><div class="MsoNormal">
Dexpramipexole (steroid-sparing med for HES)<br /></div>
<a href="http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/128/22/1327?sso-checked=true" target="_blank">Dexpramipexole As a Steroid-Sparing Agent in Hypereosinophilic Syndromes (HES): An Open-Label Proof-of-Concept Study</a><br />
Singulair (Monteleukast)<br />
<div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<b>ANTI-IL5 biologics</b></div>
<div>
<div>
Nucala (Mepolizumab) <a href="https://www.gsksource.com/pharma/content/dam/GlaxoSmithKline/US/en/Prescribing_Information/Nucala/pdf/NUCALA-PI-PIL.PDF" target="_blank">Prescribing Information</a></div>
<div>
<a href="http://www.multivu.com/players/English/7703051-gsk-nucala-available-for-severe-asthma/" target="_blank">GSK ANNOUNCES NUCALA® (mepolizumab), NOW AVAILABLE IN THE US FOR SUB-GROUP OF PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ASTHMA</a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2749495/" target="_blank">Anti–IL-5 (mepolizumab) therapy reduces eosinophil activation ex vivo and increases IL-5 and IL-5 receptor levels</a></div>
<br />
<div>
<a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2678013" target="_blank">Benralizumab (Fasenra) for Severe Eosinophilic Asthma</a><br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>TKIs and other Chemo:</b><br />
<a href="https://roosclues.blogspot.com/2016/03/gleevec-imatinib.html" target="_blank">Gleevec (Imatinib)</a><br />
<br />
<div> <o:p></o:p><div class="MsoNormal"><b>MISC:</b><br />
<a href="https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm544035.htm" target="_blank">FDA approves Xermelo for carcinoid syndrome diarrhea</a><br />
<a href="https://www.us.rydapt.com/advanced-systemic-mastocytosis/?site=RYDAS::e::201912231281&source=01025">Rydapt</a> (Midostaurin)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div>
Leucovorin is a form of folinic acid used off-label to treat Cerebral Folate Deficiency.</div>
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27068282" target="_blank">The basis for folinic acid treatment in neuro-psychiatric disorders.</a><br />
<br /><br /></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2024526836831454621.post-55229375474124532692022-06-23T23:11:00.001-07:002022-06-23T23:11:06.889-07:00NAC and Glutathione<p>NAC, which stands for N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine, is an amino acid that is
used by our cells to make glutathione. Glutathione is one of our bodies' primary antioxidants and an important
part of our bodies' detoxification system. All of our cells make it
but it is in the highest concentration in the liver. It also helps
regulate the life cycle of a cell by triggering apoptosis (cell death)
if 15% or more of the glutathione inside of the cell is oxidized. Because
it balances neurotransmitters it can be helpful in treating OCD,
addictions, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and even
schizophrenia. It is also used to treat COPD, asthma, brain fog,
improve vision, treat acne, and break down mucus. Glutathione is made
from sulfur so eating sulfur-rich foods, including eggs, onions, and
cruciferous vegetables, provides the raw materials our cells need to
make it.</p><p>It does this by combining the
NAC with two other amino acids, glutamine and glycine. NAC is the least
prevalent of these three amino acids so the cell can
only make as much glutathione as it has NAC to make it with, which is
why it's what's called the "rate-limiting step". For this reason
supplementing NAC can increase the amount of glutathione that is made by
your cells. Glutathione is one of the primary antioxidants that our
bodies make to protect itself from many harmful things, including
oxidative stress, toxic substances such as alcohol, and some
medications (most notably acetaminophen aka Tylenol). </p>The reason to use N-Acetyl-Cysteine instead of just regular cysteine
is because the N-Acetyl group protects the cysteine from stomach acid
and allows it to be absorbed. Mold exposure reduces our ability to make
enough glutathione. Arsenic exposure slows an enzyme needed to make
glutathione (unhealthy levels of arsenic have been found in some foods
including rice and apples). If NAC becomes unavailable, which it might
because the FDA is considering restricting it, glutathione can be taken
directly as a supplement, which is best absorbed if it is liposomal
(contained within tiny sacs that protect it from stomach acid.
Selenium, molybdenum, and riboflavin are important for our bodies to
make adequate glutathione. <p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8kKWgsGIU8&list=WL&index=53" target="_blank">NAC N-Acetylcysteine</a> (DrBeen medical lectures)<br /></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpmx94Nibl8&list=WL&index=52" target="_blank">No more NAC ?? Here’s how to replace it with another natural supplement</a> - Dr Jake Podcast Ep 02<br /></p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NuAxtokgNn4&list=PL00DD377C0ACD51FB&index=71 " target="_blank">What Happens If I Can't Get N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)?</a><br /><p></p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s945zr6P_rs&list=WL&index=36 " target="_blank">Applications of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) - From Addiction to Autism By Prof Berk</a><br /><br /><p> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com